D. Complete sentences 1-6 about free trade with a-f below

1) Free trade exists when goods can be traded easily between countries... 2) Protectionism is where countries try to protect home producers... 3) One way they do this is by using tank's... 4) Another way is by using quotas which limit... 5) Domestic manufacturers often complain that foreign competitors... 6) Exporters, on the other hand, often complain about …

a)... which are a kind of tax on imported goods. b)... complicated bureaucracy and complex customs regulations. c)... without restrictions. d)... the number or quantity of goods that can be imported. e)... from foreign competition and cheap imports. f)... try to destroy them by dumping their goods at very low prices.

E. Complete these sentences with the words in italics from D.

1) These new import … make our products 50% more expensive.

2) Government … limit the import of luxury cars to just 200 each year.

3) … is a very good idea in principle, but in practice we … need to help domestic manufacturers to survive.

4) This … is awful; just look at all these forms we've got to fill in.

5) We can't compete with their prices; they must be… their goods to put us out of business.

F. Complete this summary about protectionism with the words from the box.

imports profit unfair competition kills the local competition dump their goods balance of trade manufacturing their own goods

Protectionism is justified for developing countries when they want to start _{(a) …} This helps them become less dependent on _(b) … and this is good for the country’s _(c) … Protectionism is even justified for developed countries when they have problems with _{(d) …}, for example, when aggressive competitors _(e) … The competitor doesn't make _(f) … but it _{(g) …}

Speaking

Discuss these questions with your partner.

1) What advantages of geography, people, and natural resources does your own country have?

2) How has it exploited its comparative advantages?

3) Are trade restrictions a good thing or a bad thing in your opinion? Why?

4) Do you know whether your country uses tariffs or quotas on imports?

5) Do you think any country has a completely open economy?

Listening: Free Trade

(Market Leader, New Edition, Intermediate Business English CB by D. Cotton, Unit 1)

Writing

Write an essay “The trade partnerships of your country with other nations”. First, do some research and find out what and how your country trades with others. Then use this plan to organise your answer.

INTRODUCTION	- Explain that you are going to write about your government's trade partnerships nowadays. - Mention that historically these partnerships haven't always been the same.
PARAGRAPH 1	- What absolute advantages does your country have (natural resources or strong industries)? - What are the main exports from your country (goods and services)? - Which countries do they go to? - How does this affect your country's international trading?
PARAGRAPH 2	- What are the main imports into your country, and where are they from? Why are these imported? - Do other countries have an absolute or comparative advantage in these goods?
PARAGRAPH 3	- Are there any barriers to trade? If there are, why do they exist?
CONCLUSION	- Sum up your country's international trading partnerships in two sentences. Write 200-250 words