Словарные слова

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Словарные слова

1. prisoner - заключенный

2. staff – персонал

3. Inmates - заключенные

4. separate cells – отдельные камеры

5. dormitories – общие спальни

6. the main security means – основные средства защиты

7. have a long-life sentence – пожизненный приговор

8. the main aim – главная цель

9. law-abiding - законопослушный

10. alcohol or drug abuse – злоупотребление алкоголем и наркотиками

11. professional skills and abilities – профессиональные навыки и умения

12. remand prison - тюрьма для подследственных

13. training prison – исправительная тюрьма

14. medium security prison – тюрьма строгого режима

15. breaking houses – незаконное проникновение в жилище

16. low security prison – тюрьма общего режима

17. sentence plan – план отбывания наказания

18. high security prison – тюрьма особого режима

Classifications of law.

In order to understand the many different aspects of law it is helpful to look at the various classifications of Law. Law is frequently classified into public and private law (or civil law). Civil law concerns disputes among citizens within a country, and public law concerns disputes between citizens and the state, or between one state and another.

The main categories of civil law are: law of Contracts; binding agreements between people (or companies); Law of Torts: wrongs committed by one individual against another individual’s person, property or reputation; Law of inheritance (or probate law) arrangements for dealing with property after the owner’s death; and Family law.

Other branches of civil law include: administrative law (particularly concerned with the use of executive power)

Industrial law

Maritime law

Ecclesiastical law

The main categories of public law are: criminal law: wrongs which, even committed against an individual, are considered to harm the well-being of society in general.

Constitutional law regulates how the law operating and the relation between private citizens and the government.

International law regulates relations between private citizens of one country and those of another.

In codified systems there are codes that correspond to these categories, for example, France’s Code Civil and Code Penal. Justinian’s Roman codes covered such areas of law as contracts, property, inheritance torts, legal remedies, but said little about criminal law. We can say that most Continental criminal codes are entirely modern inventions.

Most laws are the creation of individual nations.

Словарные слова

1. family law – семейное право

2. the law of property – право собственности

3. civil law(Private law) – гражданское право

4. public law – публичное (общественное) право

5. criminal law(Penal law) – уголовное право

6. the law of contract(s) – договорное право

7. the law of corrections – исправительное право

8. the law of torts – деликтное право

9. tort – гражданское правонарушение

10. constitutional law – конституционное право