Reflexive pronouns used for emphasis

Reflexive pronouns can be used freely (but optionally) after nouns and pronouns for emphasis to mean 'that person/thing and only that person/thing' (/ myself, you yourself, Tom himself, etc.):

You yourself heard the explosion quite clearly

The engine itself is all right, but the lights are badly damaged The reflexive can also come at the end of a sentence or clause:

You heard the explosion yourself and particularly where there is a comparison or contrast:

Tom's all right himself, but his wife is badly hurt When used for special emphasis, reflexives are stressed in speech, especially when there is a possibility of ambiguity:

Mr Bates rang the boss him'self (and not the boss's secretary)

Reflexive pronouns are used in (often rude) rejoinders, such as: Can you fetch my bags, please? - Fetch them yourself

And note the special use of Do it yourself (often abbreviated to D.I.Y.)

to refer to decorating, repairs, etc. we do ourselves (e.g. to save

money) instead of employing others:

/ read about it in a Do It Yourself magazine

4.31 Reflexive pronouns after 'be' and verbs related to 'be'

After be and related verbs such as fee/, look, seem, reflexives can be

used to describe feelings, emotions and states:

/ don't know what's the matter with me I'm not myself today

Occasionally, we use a possessive adjective + adjective + self (noun): Meg doesn't look her usual cheerful self today Frank didn't sound his happy self on the phone this morning

i

Demonstrative ad|ectives/pronouns

Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns

4.32

Form of demonstrative adjectives and pronouns

'Near' references matching here:

singular this boy girl tree book money

plural: these boys girls trees books

'Distant' references matching there:

singular: that boy girl tree book money

plural: those boys girlstreesbooks