2015-08-21
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Electronics are classified by its function, physical properties, main characteristics, and structural signs.
Considering a signal form and a method of information processing, electronics are divided into electro-transformative, electro-photic, thermo-electrical, acousto-electrical, photo-electrical, and mechanico-electrical.
The thermo-electrical and photo-electrical elements convert thermal and optical signals to electric ones. Thereafter, a mechanico-electrical element converts a mechanical movement into an electric signal.
The electro-transformative elements are diodes, FETs (field-effect transistor), bipolar transistors, thyristors; high-vacuum tubes: diodes, triodes, tetrodes, etc; gas-discharge elements: stabilivolt, gasetrons, thyratrons, indicator panels.
The electro-photic elements are light-emitting diodes, luminescent indicators, lasers, cathode-ray tubes (CRT).
The photo-electrical elements are photodiodes, phototransistors, photoresistors, solar batteries.
The thermo-electrical elements are thermistors, diodes, transistors.
The acousto-electrical elements are oscillators, filters, delayers.
The high-vacuum devices are devices filled with vacuum 10-6 mm of mercury.
The gas-discharge devices are filled with inert gas and vacuum 10-2 mm of mercury.
The solid-state devices are made as discrete and integrated designs.
The discrete devices are diodes, FETs (field-effect transistor), bipolar transistors, and transistors.
The integrated circuits are divided into digital and analog ones. They are also divided by manufacturing technology into semiconductors, film structured, and hybrid.
