2015-08-21
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Though these categories also exist in Russian there are considerable difficulties in their forms and their use: the English Infinitive has Perfect and Continuous forms which are absent in the Russian language, whereas these verbals in the Russian language have perfective and imperfective aspects, non-existent in English. There are infinitive and participle complexes in Englishwhich have no counterparts in Russian.
The Infinitive. Nominative with the infinitive (the infinitive as a secondary predicate).
Oil consumption has increased by 4 per cent and the increase is expected to go up to 5 per cent.
Потребление нефти возросло на 4 процента и ожидается, что оно достигнет 5 процентов.
The infinitive complex is rendered by two clauses.
The Infinitive complex with the preposition “for”.
That was an odd thing for him to do. (G.Grene).
Странно, что он так поступил.
The infinitive complex is translated by a subordinate clause.
The Infinitive used as attribute.
Supporters of outright independence for Puerto Rico fared poorly in the election – but remained a force to contend with.
Сторонники немедленного предоставления независимости Пуэрто-Рико собрали незначительное число голосов на выборах, но они все же предоставляют собой силу, с которой придется считаться.
Here too, the infinitive is translated by a subordinate attributive clause comprising the infinitive itself.
The Infinitive of subsequent action.
Throughout 1937 term after team after team attacked the Eiger, only to be driven back. (Trevanian).
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На протяжении всего 1937 года одна группа альпинистов за другой пыталась совершить восхождение на вершину Эйгер и каждый раз все они были вынуждены отступать.
The Infinitive is rendered in this case by a coordinate clause.
The Participle as Part of an Absolute Construction
There were widespread R.A.F. strikes throughout India, Ceylon and the Middle East with the Airforce rank and file demanding speedier demobilization.
В Индии, на Цейлоне и Среднем Востоке прокатилась волна забастовок рядовых служащих Королевских военно-воздушных сил, которые требовали ускорить демобилизацию.
