2017-10-31
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Electronic Engineering
variable, and provide either remote or automated control capabilities. These are often referred to as final control elements when controlled remotely or by a control system.
Transmitters are devices that produce an output signal, often in the form of a 4–20 mA electrical current signal, although many other options using voltage, frequency, pressure, or ethernet are possible. This signal can be used for informational purposes, or it can be sent to LabView or other type of computerized controller, where it should be interpreted into readable values and used to control
other devices and processes in the system. Instrumentation is used to measure many
parameters (physical values). c) _____ In addition to measuring field parameters, instrumentation is also responsible for providing the ability to modify some field parameters.
In the early years of process control, process indicators and control elements such as valves were monitored by an operator that walked around the unit adjusting the valves to obtain the desired temperatures, pressures, and flows. As technology evolved pneumatic controllers were invented and mounted in the field that monitored the process and controlled the valves. d) _____
In the 1970s electronic instrumentation began to be manufactured by the instrument companies. The transformation of instrumentation from mechanical pneumatic transmitters, controllers, and valves to electronic instruments reduced maintenance costs as electronic instruments were more dependable than mechanical instruments.
The next evolution of instrumentation came with the production of Distributed Control Systems (DCS). The pneumatic and electronic control rooms allowed control from a centralized room, DCS systems allowed control from more than one room or control stations. e) _____
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http://www.indiaeducation.net http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instrumentation http://www.morldtechgossips.com
VOCABULARY IN USE
11. Complete the summary of the text with the following words:
disciplineautomatedphysical
reliabilityanalyzersmodifyart
contrivances goalsophisticated
Instrumentation engineering is one of the complicated but 1) _____ branches of engineering
2) _____ which may be studied as a separate branch or along with electronics engineering. Instrumentation engineers usually work in industries with 3) _____ processes and their 4)
_____ is to improve system productivity, 5) _____
and stability. Instrumentation itself is defined as the 6) _____ and science of measurement and control of systems. Instruments include many varied 7) _____ that can be as simple as valves and transmitters, and as complex as 8) _____. Instrumentation is used to measure many 9) _____
values, but is also responsible for providing the ability to 10) _____ some field parameters.
Now go back to ex. 3 – 5 and mark the studied words and word combinations in Text A. Reproduce the contexts found (1). Then reuse these words and word combinations in the contexts of your own (2).
Example: Reliability – 1) Instrumentation engineersusually work in industries with automated processes with the goal of improving system productivity, reliability and stability. – 2) The reliability of instruments is one of the most important parameters in industry.
