2017-12-14
315
G.K.Tyulekbaeva, V.B.Kalzhanova, Sh.K.Shayakhmetov
Scientific consultants: MD professor Udochkina L.A., PhD Zhurabekova G.A.
Astrakhan State Medical University, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov State Medical University
Astrakhan, Russia; Aktobe, Kazakhstan
Relevance. As it is known, the activity of the functional state of the endocrine glands is reflected in the functional changes taking place in the body, in which unfortunately, it is not always possible to determine the detailed hormonal status of the organism by biochemical methods. A good prerogative to biochemical research is morphological and histochemical methods [1]. The exposure of toxic substances present in the environment usually causes nonspecific reactions of the organism, strictly dependent on the morphofunctional state of tissue and cellular structures [3]. The problem of chemical contamination of the biosphere remains actual problem today. The most dangerous ecotoxicants are heavy metals whose circulation features in the environment are determined by their resistance, bioavailability and the probability of causing negative effects at very low concentrations. A bright representative of this group is chromium and its compounds [2].
Aim: Studies of interrelation of the morphological changes in the endocrine glands during eco-balance.
Materials and methods of research: The subject of the study was mongrel white mice in the amount of 40 (females and males) weighing 20-30 grams, which were divided into 2 groups (experimental 20 and control 20) by randomization method distributed in cages in order to study the effect of toxicants in the geniture. Animals were kept in vivarium conditions on a full-fledged diet, with free access to water and food. For creating a model of chronic intoxication, potassium dichromate (0.15 mg) was taken at a rate of 0.0045 mg / g, which was administered peros. According to the design of the study, the mice were withdrawn from the experiment on the 3rd month.
Result and discussion: When chromium influenced on the thyroid gland, the thickness of the capsule was 1.3 times lower in the experimental group than in the control group, while the diameter of the follicles increased 1.4 times, respectively. An increase in 1,2 times of the height of thyrocytes in the experimental group is noted, in which the density of the location of cells in the field of view has increased by 1.1 times in comparison with the control.
The study of the adrenal glands in the experimental group showed that the thickness of the capsule also increased by 1.9 times in comparison with the control one. There was a decrease in the volume of the glomerular zone 1.6 times, reticulated by 1.2 times compared with the control group, under which the state of the volume of the beam zone remained unchanged. Against the background of changes in the cortical layer, the medulla increases by 1.3 times in comparison with the control group.
Conclusion: The obtained results demonstrate the close and inextricable interrelation of endocrine organs in conditions of chromic intoxication. The reaction of the glandular tissue is manifested by the proliferation of connective tissue in both organs, the increase in blood flow in the form of an increase in the volume of the adrenal medulla, all of this together may indicate the initiation of adaptive mechanisms in response to chronic intoxication.
Reference:
1. Khvostova S.A., Sveshnikov K.A., (2008), The Role of Hormones and Endocrine Glands in Reparative Bone Formation, Scientific Journal "Modern Problems of Science and Education", №2.
2. Mamyrbaeva A., Toxicology of chromium and its compounds, monograph, - Aktobe, 2012, - 284 p.
3. Khojayan, A.B. To the question of immunity of salts of heavy metals / A.B. Khojayan, G.L. Radvtseva // Natural History and Humanism: Sat. Scientific. Labor. - Tomsk, 2007. 4. 4. №3. 104-105.
