Explain advantages and disadvantages of international organizations

Feasibility studies on systems of environmental monitoring of various branches and enterprises in our country were developed in pursuance of the resolution of the Government of the About creation of Uniform state system of environmental monitoring". The uniform state system of environmental monitoring of the Russian Federation (EGSEM) is a form of the organization of Public service of supervision over a state of environment according to Art. 69 of the Act of the Russian Federation "About protection of surrounding environment", accepted in 1991.The uniform state system of environmental monitoring is created as the system having own rules of procedure and management providing information support of management of an ecological situation in the territory of Russia and using the data necessary for this purpose obtained by departmental (branch) systems (services, networks) which are carrying out monitoring of separate objects. When carrying out the production environmental monitoring (PEM) are controlled:

during construction —

• emissions in the atmosphere of stationary and mobile sources of pollution,

• emissions of gas at tests of pipelines;

• dumpings of water at tests of pipelines;

• solid building and household waste;

• sewage industrial and selitebny (within SPZ) zones.

at operation —

• emissions at tests and retests,

• emissions at planned cleanings of an internal cavity,

• emissions at depressurization of shutoff valves and formation of fistulas,

• emissions of gas at crashes;

• dumpings of the sewer purified and crude economic household and industrial sewage;

- selitebny zones and settlements in the direction of primary winds at distance of influence of gas transmission object.

At implementation of PEM these statistical reportings are analyzed, compared to design materials on gross dumpings and emissions. The assessment of economic efficiency with the analysis of all payments for use of natural resources, and also payments and penalties for pollution is carried out.

At PEM enter the list of necessary actions:

• measurement,

• assessment of efficiency of works on restoration of environment,

• development of measures for weakening of negative impacts,

• maintaining documentation — magazines, reports, photographic materials, cards.

The structure of PEM is under construction according to accepted in Russia by three

EGSEM main levels: federal,

territoryal, local (object).

The PEM system consists of the following interconnected parts:

• networks of collection of information of objects (enterprises), including land (stationary) posts, передвиж ny and stationary laboratories and space means;

• the centers of collecting and the preliminary analysis of information at the level of objects (TsSI);

• the centers of collecting and the analysis of information, planning of nature protection activity at the level of the enterprises (TsSPP);

• regional information and analysis centers (RIAC);

• branch information and analysis center (BIAC);