Medium, refrigeration, refrigerant, essential, eject, ensure, pathogenic bacteria, alternative, coil, piping, dehumidification, dew point, dehumidifier

Exercise II. Give the Russian equivalents to the following words:

Refrigerator, conditioning, medium, radiation, convection, cycle, element, effect, compressor, absorption, residence, pathogenic bacteria, alternative, fan, condensate, constant, condition.

AIR-CONDITIONING

Air-conditioning and refrigeration are provided through the removal of heat. In order to remove heat from something, you simply need to provide a medium that is colder - this is how all air conditioning and refrigeration systems work. Heat can be removed through the process of radiation, convection, and conduction using mediums such as water, air, ice, and special refrigerants (e.g. freon).

An air conditioning system provides cooling, ventilation, and humidity control for all or part of a building. Freon as a refrigerant provides cooling through the process called a refrigeration cycle. The refrigeration cycle consists of four essential elements to create a cooling effect. A compressor provides compression for the system, a condenser ejects or removes heat from the system, the evaporator absorbs or adds heat to the system, and the metering device ensures that the heat is absorbed at a proper rate.

Central, 'all-air' air conditioning systems are often installed in modern residences, offices, and public buildings. A duct system must be carefully maintained to prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria in the ducts. An alternative to large ducts that carry the needed air to heat or cool an area is the use of remote fan coils or split systems. In these systems the remote coil is connected with a remote condenser unit by means of piping instead of ducts.

Dehumidification in an air conditioning system is provided by the evaporator. Since the evaporator operates at a temperature below dew point, moisture is collected at the evaporator. This moisture is collected at the bottom of the evaporator in a condensate pan and removed by piping it to a central drain. A dehumidifier is an air-conditioner-like device that controls the humidity of a room or building. In supermarkets, large open chiller cabinets are highly effective at dehumidifying the internal air. Air-conditioned buildings often have sealed windows, because open windows would disrupt the attempts of the HVAC system to maintain constant indoor air conditions.

Exercise I. Translate the sentences paying attention to the particle “no”- «никакой; ни один»:

    1. At present no device is so efficient in keeping the food fresh as a refrigerator. 2. No additional systems were required. 3. There were no difficulties in operating the air-conditioning system. 4. The ductwork was provided with no metering devices.

 

Exercise II. State the part of speech of the following words and translate them:

a) refrigerate, refrigerator, refrigerated, refrigeration, refrigerating b) humid, humidity, humidifying, humidifier, humidification c) operate, operation, operated, operating, operator d) compress, compressing, compressed, compression, compressor e) heat, heated, heater, heating

Exercise III. Find the Russian equivalents for:

1. dew point 2. air medium 3. humidity control 4. refrigeration cycle 5. remote fan coils 6. split system 7. condensate pan 8. dehumidifier

a) регулирование влажности b) холодильный цикл c) выносной теплообменник вентилятора d) точка росы e) раздельная установка кондиционирования воздуха f) воздушная среда g) воздухоосушитель h) поддон для конденсата

 

Exercise IV. Translate the sentences paying attention to the verb “to have”:

    1. Moisture has been collected at the bottom of the evaporator. 2. HVAC safety has to be the main concern. 3. Since 1950s solar heating has been used in many developing countries. 4. Some older air-conditioning systems have to be upgraded to meet the modern office requirements. 5. Each type of a heating system has its own features.

 

Exercise V. Form the degrees of comparison of the following words:

Little, humid, great, difficult, good, simple, modern, old.

 

Exercise VI. Translate the sentences paying attention to the words “since” and “for”:

a. 1) People always dreamed to keep their food fresh. Since 1930s with the invention of home refrigerators this dream has become a reality. 2) Dry air is more comfortable for people since humans perspire to provide natural cooling by the evaporation of perspiration from the skin.3) Since evaporation takes place when heat is absorbed, and condensation takes place when heat is released, it is necessary to ensure pressure changes between the two compartments. 4) The “Valmet Meter Works” company has been one of the leading companies in the field of heat energy measuring equipment since the 1990s.

b. 1) A new updated brochure was published for the district residents to get detailed information about the new product. 2) This kind of heat meter is suitable for heat measuring in blocks of flats. 3) For home heating, heat pumps are becoming more popular. 4) A refrigerator is a heat pump for it pumps the heat out of its interior into the room where it stands.

 

Exercise VII. Tasks to the text:

 

1. What is the main principle of work of an air-conditioner and a refrigerator? 2. Name the four elements of a refrigeration cycle. 3, Name the two systems used for cooling or heating which prevent the growth of pathogenic bacteria. 4. What kind of device is a dehumidifier?

Exercise VIII. Read the following text without a dictionary.