Preventing scarlet fever

The best prevention strategies for scarlet fever, as with all highly infectious diseases, are:

§ Isolation - keep the patient away from other people. Keep the child away from school.

§ Handkerchiefs or tissues that the patient has used should be washed or disposed of immediately. If you have touched any of these wash your hands thoroughly with warm water and soap.

§ Handwashing - the patient, usually a child, should be taught to wash their hands thoroughly and frequently.

§ Dining utensils - do not share drinking glasses or eating utensils with the patient.

§ Coughing and sneezing - the patient should be taught to cover their mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing.

Say it in English

Скарлатина, вызывать, главным образом поражает детей, привести к серьезным осложнениям, если запустить (оставить без внимания), выделять, от человека к человеку, зараженный человек, совместное использование полотенца, загрязненные продукты питания, похож на солнечный ожег, анализ крови, самое обычное лечение при скарлатине, может быть прописано, воспаление почек изоляция, не подпускать, носовой платок, мытье рук,

In pairs, discuss the questions:

1. What are some fast facts on scarlet fever?

2. What causes of scarlet fever do you know?

3. What are the first symptoms of this infectious disease?

4. How can a doctor diagnose scarlet fever?

5. What are some ways of its prevention?

Тема 6.9. Детские болезни. Дифтерия / Diphtheria

Level B

Vocabulary

a rare bacterial infection – редкая бактериальная инфекция

achieve - достигать

complications - осложнения

heart failure - сердечная недостаточность

bloodstream – ток крови

platelet counts - количество тромбоцитов

thrombocytopenia - тромбоцитопения

lesion – повреждение, поражение

telltale sign – показательный признак

nasopharynx - носоглотка

nausea - тошнота

A low-grade fever - субфебрильная температура тела

pseudomembrane - дифтеритическая плёнка

toxigenicity - токсигенность

serum - сыворотка

an intensive care unit - блок интенсивной терапии

An acellular pertussis vaccine - бесклеточная коклюшная вакцина

to maintain immunity – поддерживать иммунитет

What is diphtheria? What causes diphtheria?

Diphtheria is now a rare bacterial infection in the US and most other countries thanks to the success of universal coverage with routine childhood vaccinations.

In countries that have a lower uptake of booster vaccines, there are still thousands of annual cases of the disease.

India, for example, achieves around three-quarters coverage of the third and final childhood immunization dose, compared with full coverage in most countries. There have been between 3,000 and 8,000 reports of diphtheria in India every year since the decade starting in 2004.

In people who are not vaccinated against the bacteria that cause diphtheria, infection can cause serious complications such as nerve problems, heart failure, and even death.

Overall, between 5-10% of people who get infected with diphtheria will die and this level has remained consistent for the past half century. Some people are more vulnerable than others, with a mortality rate of up to 20% in infected people under 5 or older than 40 years of age.

The primary effect of the bacterium is to cause an infection of, in most cases, the nose and throat or the skin, although other parts of the body can also be affected.