Настоящее простое (неопределённое)/Present Simple Active

 

    Глаголы в форме Indefinite относят действие к настоящему, прошедшему или будущему времени, не уточняя, как оно протекает во времени. Времена Indefinite Active образуются от инфинитива.

        

    Present Simple/Indefinite  образуется от инфинитива без частицы to для всех лиц единственного и множественного числа. В 3-м лице единственного числа к инфинитиву добавляется суффикс -s.

        

Утвердительное предложение Отрицательное предложение Вопросительное предложение
I work. You work. He works. She works.   We work. You work. They work. I don’t/do not work. You don’t/ do not work. He doesn’t/ does not work. She doesn’t/ does not work. We don’t/ do not work. You don’t/do not work. They don’t/ do not work.   Do I work? Do you work? Does he work? Does she work?   Do we work? Do you work? Do they work?  

Present Simple  употребляется:

- для обозначения действия, происходящего регулярно, постоянно, вообще;

- для обозначения привычных действий, повторяющихся, следующих одно за другим

- для выражения общеизвестных фактов;

- для выражения будущего времени, например:

The Sun rises in the east. She works in hospital. I attend lectures. In the morning he gets up, does some exercises, dresses, washes himself and has breakfast. The train arrives at platform 2.

Present Simple Active  используется с наречиями частотности  never, seldom, rarely, sometimes, usually, often, very often, always, а также с сочетаниями every day, every month, every year, every Monday и т.д.

 

Составьте предложения.

 

I You She He It We They work works go goes take takes 3 hours exams 1 hour to get to ask to work   to the university to the library to work to the office with (a client) on Sundays at the weekend/at weekends by bus by car at the end of the term at my office    

 

 

Поставьте сказуемое в отрицательную форму. Задайте общий вопрос.

Модель: I often use this technique. – I don’t often use this technique. – Do you often use this technique?

          He uses this technique. – He doesn’t use this technique. – Does he often use this technique?

 

1. She speaks two languages. 2. I spend a lot of money on books. 3. We want to discuss the matter (вопрос). 4. They ask a lot of questions. 5. He works hard.  6. You have many duties.

 

A) Задайте вопрос к подлежащему, используя предложения задания № 11.

Модель: I use this technique. – Who uses this technique? – I do.

          He uses this technique. – Who uses this technique? – He does.

 

B) Задайте вопрос к дополнению, используя предложения №№ 2, 3, 4, 6 задания №2.

 

Модель: I use this technique. – What do you use?

           He uses this technique. – What does he use?

 

C) Задайте вопрос, начинающийся с вопросительного слова “How” к предложениям №№ 1, 2, 4, 5, 6 задания № 11.

 

Модель: I use two techniques. – How many techniques do you use?

           He uses two techniques. – How many techniques does he use?

Ответьте на вопросы.

1. When do you usually get up?

2. At what time do you usually go to bed?

3. Where do you work?

4. Where do you study?

5. What do you like to do?

6. How often do you go on holiday?

7. Who do you go with?

8. Why do you want to become a psychologist?

9 Where do you want to work?

10. What makes psychology interesting?

 

ТЕКСТ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ 

Переведите однокоренные слова, учитывая значение глагола.

- to create (создавать), creation, creative

- to process (обрабатывать), processing

- to sense (чувствовать), sense, sensitive, senseless, sensitivity, sensory

- to involve (вовлекать), involvement

- to perceive (воспринимать), perception, perceptual

- to recognize (распознавать), recognition

 

Сопоставьте английское слово с русским значением.

speaking, learning, language, movement, memory, writing, pattern

движение, научение/обучение, письмо, речь/говорение, модель/ образец, память, язык

 

3. Добавьте нужную приставку/нужный суффикс к слову ‘conscious’ [`kon∫әs], чтобы получить слова:

Бессознательный, сознание, подсознательный, подсознание, бессознательное (по Фрейду)

 

Добавьте суффикс –ion к глаголам.

to inform, to regulate, to motivate, to organize, to localize, to coordinate, to recognize, to express, to perceive, to integrate

 

Добавьте суффикс – ity к прилагательным.

superior, inferior, active, complex, responsible

 

Прочтите и переведите текст.

The Brain’s Functions

 

The human brain is the most perfect and mysterious creation. It is the most amazing of all computers and it is a vast information-processing system. It consists of billions of sensitive cells and nerve fibres.

The brain is responsible for the processing and coding of sensory and motor information and for controlling regulatory processes in the body. Besides, it is the organ of consciousness. It plays a key role in complex behaviours such as perception, motivation, learning, memory, language, and emotion.

Specific areas [ ` εәriәz]/regions/ of the brain are involved in specific behaviours. The basic feature (черта) of the brain organization is localization of function, i.e. each side of the brain has some specialized functions that the other side doesn’t have. 

The left hemisphere controls the right side of the body and vice versa (наоборот). It is involved in speaking, writing, understanding language, coordinating complex movements, etc. The right half of the brain is superior at perceptual skills such as recognizing patterns, faces, and expressing emotion. They work together in an integrated way.

 

Вставьте подходящее по смыслу прилагательное.

specific, basic, regulatory, right, sensitive, mysterious, left, amazing, complex (x2)

 

1. a … creation

2. an … creation

3. the …/… half/side of the brain

4. the … feature

5. … behaviours

6. … cells

7. ….processes

8. … movements

9. … areas

 

Расположите пункты плана в соответствии с текстом.

1. Functions of the hemispheres

2. The most amazing of all computers

3. Localization of function

4. Brain functions

 

Контрольная работа № 1

Grammar Revision

Заполните пропуски формой глагола to be.

 

1. When I … at school, I studied French.

a) am b) were c) was d) is

2. Where … you from?

a) are b) is c) am d) was

3. … you at university today?

a) are b) were c) is d) was

4. What kind of disease … it?

a) am b) is c) were d) are

5. All the subjects we study … interesting.

a) were b) was c) are d) is

6. Sigmund Freud … a famous psychoanalyst.

a) was b) were c) are d) am

7. It … hot tomorrow.

a) is b) was c) will be d) are

8. Yesterday we… present at the lecture on Anthropology.

a) were b) was c) are d) is

 


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