Задание № 2. Ответьте на вопросы письменно. (Task №2. Answer the questions in writing)

 

1. What are the major parts of a building?

2. What is the function of a foundation?

3. Which part of organic soil must be removed from the building area and why?

4. In what climatic zones should the foundations be placed below the freezing point?

5. Have you ever watched the process of removing the upper stratum of soil from the building area?

Задание № 3. Скажите какую важную и полезную информацию вы узнали из текста о земляных работах. Дайте ответ письменно. (Task № 3. Say what important and useful information you have learnt from the text about excavation. Give your answer in writing).

Задание № 4. Закончите диалог письменно. (Task № 4. Complete the dialogue in writing).

- Do you live in a house or a flat?

- ……………………………….

- What is the position of the building you live in?

- …………………………………

- When was the building constructed?

- …………………………….

- What material was it built of?

- ………………………………….

- How many storeys are there in your house or block of flats?

- ……………………………………

- What is the inside of the house or flat like?

- ……………………………….

- How do you heat your home in cold weather or cool it in warm weather?

- ………………………………

Задание № 5. Напишите электронное письмо работодателю о себе и вашем опыте работы. Вы должны написать от 60 до 100 слов. (Task № 5. Write an e-mail to an employer about yourself and your work experience. You must write from 60 to 100 words).

Контрольная работа № 1

Вариант 3

Задание № 1. Прочитайте текст и решите, являются ли следующие предложения верными или неверными. Запишите свои ответы (Task № 1. Read the text and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write your answers).

1. Different building materials have a lot of common properties.

2. Wood and stone are considered to be the most ancient building materials.

3. It is difficult to handle wood.

4. One of the advantages of wood is its low cost.

5. Brick is an example of a natural building material.

CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Materials used for construction purposes possess different properties. They differ in durability, strength, weight, fire-and decay-resistance and, naturally, cost.

Wood, timber, brick, stone, concrete, metals, and plastics belong to the most popular building materials used nowadays. They all have their advantages and disadvantages that are taken into account when designing a structure.

Wood belongs to naturally growing materials. It is known to be the oldest construction material and is still widely used for different purposes. Wood is popular since it has low weight and is easy to work. Besides, it grows naturally and is cheap. But its usage is limited because of its disadvantages: it easily burns and decays. As for stone, it also belongs to the oldest building materials. Among its advantages are strength, high heat insulation and fire resistance.

Brick belongs to artificial construction materials. It has been used in many countries and in different climates for a long time. Nowadays bricks vary widely with the method of production and temperature of burning.

Concrete is known to be one of the most popular building materials. It is produced by mixing cement, gravel, water, and sand in the proper amounts.

Задание № 2. Ответьте на вопросы письменно. (Task № 2. Answer the questions in writing).

1. What natural construction materials do you know?

2. What groups can construction materials be divided into?

3. What are the advantages and disadvantages of wood?

4. What influences the quality of bricks?

5. What does concrete consist of?

 

Задание № 3. Скажите, какие строительные материалы широко используются в России и почему. Напишите свой ответ. (Task № 3. Say what building materials are widely used in Russia and why. Give your answer in writing).

Задание № 4. Закончите диалог письменно. (Task № 4. Complete the dialogue in writing).

Manager of the construction factory: I’m glad to welcome you at our construction factory, Mr. Waneright.

You: ……………………………………….

Manager of the construction factory: Yes, we have plenty of orders, both for home needs and for export.

  You: …………………………………….

Manager of the construction factory: Yes, we have introduced a new technology and started new models.

You: ………………………………..

Manager of the construction factory: We have design engineers and production engineers on the factory floor.

You: ……………………………..

Manager of the construction factory: Well, it’s done by our quality control department.

You: ………………………………

Задание № 5. Напишите электронное письмо вашему деловому партнёру о жилищном строительстве в России. Вы должны написать от 60 до 100 слов. (Task № 5. Write an e-mail to your business partner about residential construction in Russia. You must write from 60 to 100 words).

Контрольная работа № 1

Вариант 4

Задание № 1. Прочитайте текст и решите, являются ли следующие предложения верными или неверными. Запишите свои ответы. (Task №1. Read the text and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write your answers).

1. Forming is the property of concrete which makes it valuable.

2. It is very expensive to produce concrete.

3. The better the quality of cement is, the higher the quality of concrete.

4.  Concrete has high tensile strength.

5. Iron and steel can improve the properties of concrete.

CONCRETE

Concrete is considered to be a universal material for construction. Different kinds of concrete can be used practically for every building purpose. The raw materials for producing concrete can be found in every part of the world. The main property that makes concrete so popular is that it can be formed into strong monolithic slabs. Another good quality is its relatively low cost. Besides, concrete is known to be fire-and decay-resistant.

Concrete is produced by combining coarse and fine aggregates, Portland cement, and water. Coarse aggregate is generally gravel or crushed stone, and fine aggregate is sand. Cement, sand, gravel, and water are taken in proportional amounts and mixed. The quality of concrete depends mostly on the quality of the cement used. The process of production consists in pouring the mixed components into forms and holding them there until they harden. The process of hardening generally lasts for about 28 days.

Concrete, as any other building material, has not only advantages but also disadvantages. Its main disadvantage is that it has no form of its own. Also, it does not possess useful tensile strength. Because of these qualities, in modern times construction concrete is very frequently combined with different metals. Most common of them are iron and steel.

The introduction of metal into the structure of concrete is highly advantageous. It strengthens the material and helps to realize its limitless construction and architectural potential. It should be noted that the use of ferro-concrete or reinforced concrete started only in the nineteenth century and is still gaining popularity.