2020-10-09
363
| 1. Market demand is | a. revenue minus cost. |
| 2. An improvement of technology is a change that | b. the firm can select the output level maximizing its profit. |
| 3. Profits are | c. paid out as dividends. |
| 4. As long as the total demand and the total supply of the commodity remain equal, | d. the equilibrium price will remain unchanged. |
| 5. Part of company’s profits is put back into the business rather than | e. makes it possible for firms to produce more goods with the same amount of resources as before. |
| 6. With inflation, people have to increase expenditure because | f. how much the amount received is greater than the amounts paid. |
| 7. Profit depends on | g. the total demand from all consumers. |
| 8. Opportunity cost is the amount | h. old the level of expenditure in money terms now buys a smaller quantity of goods. |
| 9. Examining how revenues and costs change with the level of output produced and sold | i. an input can obtain in its use elsewhere. |
IX. Выпишите все коммерческие и экономические термины, которые встречались в тексте и переведите их на русский язык.
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №2
Вариант 3
Для того чтобы правильно выполнить контрольную работу, необходимо усвоить следующие разделы курса:
1. Модальные глаголы и их эквиваленты.
2. Времена группы Continuous (Present, Past, Future).
3. Основные формы глагола (правильные, неправильные).
4. Употребление much/many, few/little.
I. Заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу модальными глаголами или их эквивалентами.
|
|
|
1. He ______ pass the exam.
a) didn’t can b) could not c) could not to
2. This man ______ more than he says.
a) mays know b) may know c) may knows
3. He forgot that the police ______ discover the truth.
a) may b) might c) would may
4. He ______ see me in this situation.
a) doesn’t must b) must not
5. The company ________ postpone the loading, because of some problems with transport.
a) must b) has to c) can
6. She ______ look after her little sister.
a) has to b) have to c) haves to
7. The children ______ go to bed in time.
a) is to b) are to
8. We’ve got plenty of time. We _____ hurry.
a) need not b) cannot
9. I can go on my own. You _____ come with me.
a) may not b) cannot c) need not
10. Tom has broken his leg. He _______ walk a lot. It is not good for him.
a) need not b) cannot c) may not
II. Раскройте скобки, обращая внимание на образование времен группы Continuous (Present, Past, Future).
1. I am tired. I (to go) to bed now. Good night!
2. Be quite, please. I (to try) to write a report.
3. We (to hold) negotiations, when the secretary brought coffee.
4. This time last year I (to live) in India.
5. The agreement (to expire) at 30th of December.
6. Don’t come to my place tomorrow. I (to write) a report.
III. Образуйте форму прошедшего времени в следующих глаголах.
to keep, to hold, to fill, to develop, to load, to launch, to agree, to buy, to bring, to see, to finish, to get, to read.
IV. Поставьте следующие предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную форму.
1. Planets are going round the sun.
2. Mr. Brown is trying to find new clients.
3. When I was driving to London I saw a house without roof.
4. We were working on a new project all the day yesterday.
5. At ten o’clock tomorrow he will be working at his report.
6. We shall be meeting our partners tomorrow at 4 p. m.
V. Заполните пропуски словами much/many, few/little.
1. At the conference we met _____ people whom we know well.
2. There are _____ things here which I cannot understand.
3. When we walked _____ farther down the road, we met another group of students.
4. Our secretary knows German _____ and she can help you with the translation of this letter.
|
|
|
5. She wrote us _____ letters from London.
VI. Прочитайте текст и переведите его письменно.
New Product Development
New product development is considered to be a continual preoccupation of the marketing-oriented company. The international marketer, however, has potentially an immense advantage in the important first stage of the innovation process: idea generation. New product ideas originate from many sources, e. g. the research and new product development laboratory, customer requirements or needs, etc. but one highly important source is ideas already generated, and already successfully developed in other parts of the world.
It is not enough to accept that this advantage exists. The international marketer must ensure that an organizational structure is developed to harvest and consider all ideas from different fields. For the exporter, this may mean no more than briefing and stimulating distributors, agents, a company sales staff; for the multinational company it can constitute a major management function. In either case, the investment in management time is likely to pay off handsomely. If a new product is successful on one market it will not necessarily be successful in another.
One strategy open to the international marketer is product modification of the development of entirely new products to open up new markets. This approach is particularly relevant to developing nations, which often adopt the products of industrialized nations, which are not always suitable for the local scene.
VII. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту.
1. What is considered to be a continual preoccupation of the marketing-oriented company?
2. What do new product ideas originate from?
3. What must the international marketer ensure?
4. Why is the investment in management time likely to pay off handsomely?
5. What is the strategy for the international marketer?
