Read the text again to decide if the statements are true or false. Correct the false ones with the facts from the text

1. When computers were first introduced in 40's and 50's programmers had to write programs to instruct CD-ROMs, laser printers and scanners.

2. The operating system controls and manages the use of the hardware and the memory.

3. There are no commands available in operating systems, they are only in word processors.

4. Microsoft developed MS-DOS to compete with IBM's PC-DOS.

5. NT requires computers with 486 CPU and 16 M random access memory.

6. OS/2 is DOS compatible because it was developed by Microsoft.

7. Traditionally, UNIX was run by many users simultaneously.

8. Windows 95 and Windows 98 are DOS compatible and have very «friendly» and convenient interface.

Answer the questions.

1. What problems faced programmers in the 1940's and 1950's?

2. Why were the first programs «complex» and «time-consuming»?

3. What are the basic functions of operating system?

4. What does the abbreviation DOS mean?

5. What company developed the first version of DOS operating system? For what purpose was it done? Was the new operational system successful?

6. What is the difference between the PC-DOS and MS-DOS?

7. What does the abbreviation NT stand for? Is NT DOS compatible? What are the basic requirements for NT?

8. Who is the developer of OS/2? What makes UNIX so different from the other operating systems?

9. What are the special features of Windows 95/ 98/ 2000/ XP?

V. Discuss the following with your groupmates.

Advantages and disadvantages of MS Windows operating systems.

Практическое занятие №13

Тема: Прикладное и системное ПО.

Applications Software and Systems Software

I. First thoughts. What are the most popular disk operating systems for microcomputers? Which one do you prefer? What applications software do you use?

II. Study the words. Make sure you know them. Practice the pronunciation.

applications software, assembly language, booting, computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided engineering (CAE), computer-aided manufacturing(CAM), database management system software (DBMS), desktop manager software, disk operating system (DOS), external command instructions, graphics software, high-level programming language, initial program load (IPL), integrated software, internal command instructions, language processor, multiprocessing/-programming/-tasking, off-the-shelf software, operating system, RAM-resident software, spreadsheet software, timesharing, utility program, virtual memory(storage), word processing software.