2020-10-12
461
| В русском языке | Предлог | В английском языке |
| именительный падеж (кто? что?) | – | This student reads well. Этот студент хорошо читает. The lessons begin at 9 o'clock. Занятия начинаются в 9 часов. |
| родительный падеж (кого? чего?) | of | The book of the boy is on the table. Книга мальчика на столе. |
| дательный падеж (кому? чему?) | to | He gave this book to the teacher. Он дал эту книгу учителю. |
| винительный падеж (кого? что?) | – | The teacher asked the students many questions. Преподаватель задал студентам много вопросов We like these books. Нам нравятся эти книги. |
| творительный падеж (кем? чем?) | by with | This article is written by Pavlov. Эта статья написана Павловым. I write with a fountain-pen. Я пишу авторучкой. |
| предложный падеж (о ком? о чем?) | about of | I speak about the book. Я говорю о книге. I think of the experiment. Я думаю об этом эксперименте. |
Self-correcting Exercises
Exercise 1. Give the plural forms of the following nouns:
| bed, classroom, day, factory, teacher, map, student, picture, desk, president, match, text | beds, classrooms, days, factories, teachers, maps, students, pictures, desks, presidents, matches, texts |
Exercise 2. Read the nouns in the plural.
| women, phenomena, media, children, knives, pages, teeth, advice, magazines, heroes, men | ['wımın], [fı'nɔmınə], ['mi:dıə], ['ʧıldrən], [naıvz], [peıʤız], [ti:θ], [æd'vaıs], [mægə'zi:nz], ['hıərouz], [men] |
Exercise 3. Match nouns in common and possessive cases.
Model: Jack – Jack's, boys – boys'
| Union, country, children, women, government, parliament, the Earth, brother, friends, journalist, scientist, Peter, page | Union's, country's, children's, women's, government's, parliament's, the Earth's, brother's, friends', journalist's, scientist's, Peter's, page's |
Exercise 4. Replace of- phrases by nouns in the possessive case.
| 1. The son of Ann. 2. The dog of Mr. Taylor. 3. The name of the boy. 4. The flat of my sisters. 5. The families of these workers. 6. The economy of the country. 7. The article of the resear-ches. 8. The pictures of the artist. 9. The cover of the book. 10. The plan of the President. | 1. Ann's son. 2. Mr. Taylor's dog. 3. The boy's name. 4. My sisters' flat. 5. These workers' families. 6. The country's economy. 7. The researchers' article. 8. The artist's pictures. 9. The book's cover. 10. The President's plan. |
Exercise 5. Translate into Russian, note the case relations between the words.
| 1. This is the plan of the report. 2. He wrote a letter to his friend. 3. I see a man in the street. 4. I like writing with a pen. 5. I am reading a book by Ivanov. 6. I've read an interesting book about animals. | Это план доклада. Он написал письмо другу. Я вижу человека на улице. Я люблю писать ручкой. Я читаю книгу Иванова. Я прочел интересную книгу о животных. |
Self-training Exercises
Exercise 1. Find nouns in the plural form.
Positions, news, box, seas, problems, clothes, level, bus, countries, women, phenomenon, theses, money, crises, people, glass, class.
Exercise 2. Give the singular form.
Women, feet, children, analyses, data, news, theses, means, series, glasses, leaves, knives, sheep, shorts, plays, books.
Exercise 3. Translate into Russian.
1. Britain's trade. 2. A day's work. 3. My friend's hat. 4. The sister's letter. 5. The world's first spaceman. 6. The children's hands. 7. An hour's walk. 8. The women's magazines. 9. The Parliament's session. 10. A week's rest.
Exercise 4. Use the possessive case.
1. The book by this writer is interesting. 2. The foot of my son is big. 3. The prospects of the company are good. 4. These are the notebooks of his students. 5. The newspaper of the party was a daily one. 6. The uncle of Tom is a scientist. 7. The favourite sport of my brother is tennis. 8. The programme of two months was fulfilled. 9. The dream of the mankind to fly into space came true.
Exercise 5. Answer the questions. Example: Whose dog is this? (Ann) – This is Ann's dog.
1. Whose teacher is this? (My son) 2. Whose car is this? (The Browns) 3. Whose cat is this? (Children) 4. Whose pens are these? (My friends) 5. Whose coat is this? (Miss White) 6. Whose article is this? (My teacher)
Exercise 6. Translate into English.
1. Это новая программа правительства. 2. Лунный свет красивый. 3. Сын моего брата – историк. 4. Мать моего друга – пожилая женщина. 5. Это кабинет декана. 6. Улицы города широкие. 7. Переводы этих студентов – очень хорошие. 8. Доход фирмы растет. 9. Мне нравится машина Джона. 10. Студенческие каникулы закончились. 11. Друзья моих родителей – пенсионеры.
