Vocabulary and Text. Electricity is the flow of charge around a circuit carrying energy

Vocabulary

battery                                  батарея

to break                                размыкать

break                                     обрыв, разрыв (цепи)

broken                                  разомкнутый

broken circuit                       разомкнутая цепь

to burn out                            перегорать

cell                                        гальванический элемент, батарейка

charge                                   заряд

complete circuit                   замкнутая цепь

component                            элемент цепи

connection                            соединение

current                                  (электрический) ток; сила тока

diagram                                схема, чертеж

(electric) circuit                   электрическая цепь

electricity                             электричество

energy                                   энергия

flow                                      поток, протекание (тока)

lead                                       вывод (детали)

power supply                        источник (электро)питания; электро- снабжение

short                                     короткое замыкание

switch                                   выключатель, переключатель

voltage                                  напряжение

voltage source                      источник напряжения

wire                                      проволока, провод

wrong connection                 ошибочное соединение

Text

Electricity is the flow of charge around a circuit carrying energy

from the battery (or power supply) to components such as lamps and mo- tors.

Electric current can flow only if a circuit is complete. Electric current flows through wires from the battery to circuit components and back to the battery again.

The diagram shows a simple circuit. The components of the circuit are a battery, wires, a switch and a lamp. The switch works by breaking the circuit.

When the switch is open the circuit is bro- ken, electricity cannot flow and the lamp is off. With the switch closed the circuit is complete al- lowing electricity to flow and the lamp is on.