City government

City government is a system of governmental institutions that serve an urban area or urban municipality. Modern cities are almost always contained within the boundaries of national states, and their governments form parts of a larger constitutional regime that usually includes state or provincial governments and a national government.

A city government’s most important functions are to provide law enforcement and fire prevention; elementary and secondary education; water supply, sewage, and refuse collection and disposal; construction, maintenance, and lighting of the streets; regulation of building safety and housing standards; the provision of public housing; various welfare services for the needy; health protection, medical care environmental services. Cities also provide museums, parks, playgrounds, and other recreational facilities. Public-utility services that supply water, electricity, gas, and public transport may be provided by a city government or by commercial companies regulated by the government.

City planning is another important function. City governments typically achieve their land-planning goals by enacting zoning laws that govern the use of land and buildings, the density of population, and the height, bulk, and spacing of structures. Planning also involves the use of subdivision controls, which subject the initial laying-out of vacant land to public regulation.

‘City Government’, Encyclopedia Britannica

Рекомендуемая литература для подготовки к экзамену

Основная литература

1. Русско-английский экономический словарь: Более 80000 терминов и терминологических словосочетаний/Под общ. Ред. Жданова И.Ф. – Русский язык - Медиа, 2007. ISBN: 978-5-9576-0323-8

2. Агабекян И.П., Коваленко П.И. Английский для экономистов. –Ростов н/Д., Феникс 2008. ISBN 978-5-222-13774-1

3. Глушенкова Е.В.Элементарный английский для экономистов. – М., АСТ. 2005. ISBN: 5-17-026227-2

4. Никитаев С.Н. Английский язык для специальных целей. – М.,Айрис-пресс. – М.,2007.

Дополнительная литература

1. Буданов С.И., Борисова А.А. Деловой английский язык. – М.: Эксмо, 2008.

2. Цветкова Т.К. Грамматика английского языка. Упражнения с ключами: уч. пособие. – М.: ТК Велби, Изд-во Проспект, 2007. Английский для юристов: Учебное пособие для вузов, Шевелева С.А., М.: Юнити-Дана, 2005.

3. Большой современный англо-русский, русско-английский словарь: 170 000 слов, Сиротина Т.А., М.: БАО-Пресс, 2005.