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Education. acquire knowledge – приобретать знания

—Vocabulary

acquire knowledge – приобретать знания

skills – навыки, умение

habits – привычки

values – ценности

attitudes – отношения

an appreciation – оценка

heritage – наследие

responsibilities – ответственности

formal education –официальное образование

informal education – неофициальное образование

to survive – выжить

prehistoric people – доисторические люди

a relatively complex level – сравнительно сложный уровень

Education is the process by which people acquire knowledge, skills, habits, values, or attitudes. The word education is also used to describe the results of the ed­ucational process. Education should help people be­come useful members of society. It should also help them develop an appreciation of their cultural heritage and live more satisfying lives. The most common way to get an education is to attend school. But much educa­tion also lakes place outside the classroom. Education involves both learning and teaching. Some­times, people learn by teaching themselves. But they also learn with the help of other people, such as teachers and parents. Parents are a child’s first and perhaps most important. They teach their children attitudes, habits, and values that help shape their character and remain with them throughout life. But few parents have either the time or the ability to teach their children everything they need to know. Instead, they turn over many educational responsibilities to professional educators.

Teachers and schools have the chief responsibility for education. The organized instruction they provide is called formal education. Learning that result from less-organized instruction is called informal education.

Education is as old as humanity. Prehistoric people needed education to survive. Parents taught their chil­dren how to hunt wild animals for food. Prehistoric peo­ples also had to learn to cooperate with one another and to live together peacefully. They discovered that they could not live together peacefully for long unless they learned to act in certain ways. Education taught them how to act and so helped make society possible.

A society that reaches a relatively complex level of de­velopment is called a civilization. For a society to achieve this level, its members must learn a great deal. They must become skilled in agriculture, commerce, government, industry, and the arts. Education is the chief means of acquiring and teaching the essential knowledge and skills.

A modern society cannot survive without education. But most democratic nations consider education’s bene­fits to individuals equally as important as its benefits to society.

Education is more important today than ever before. It helps people acquire the skills they need for such every­day activities as reading a newspaper or managing their money. It also gives them the specialized training they may need to prepare for a job or career. For example, people must meet certain educational requirements and obtain a license or certificate before they may practice law or medicine. Many fields, such as computer or po­lice work, require completion of special training.

(to be continued)

? 1. Give Russian equivalents of the following phrases:

Used to describe the results of the ed­ucational process; develop an appreciation of their cultural heritage; the ability to teach their children everything they need to know; is the chief means of acquiring and teaching the essential knowledge and skills; people must meet certain educational requirements; require completion of special training.

2. Say if the following sentences are true or false.

1. Education shouldn’t help people be­come useful members of society. 2. It should also help them develop an appreciation of their cultural heritage and live more satisfying lives. 3. Education isn’t as old as humanity. 4. They discovered that they could not live together peacefully for long unless they learned to act in certain ways. 5. Education didn’t teach them how to act and so helped make society possible.

3. Insert missing words, use the text’s vocabulary:

1. …is the process by which people acquire knowledge, skills, habits, values, or attitudes. 2. Education involves both … and …. 3. Some­times, people … by teaching themselves. 4. But most democratic nations consider education’s bene­fits to individuals equally as … as its benefits to society. 5. For example, people must meet certain educational … and obtain a license or certificate before they may practice law or medicine.

4. Translate these sentences into your native language:

1. Education should help people be­come useful members of society. 2. It should also help them develop an appreciation of their cultural heritage and live more satisfying lives. 3. The most common way to get an education is to attend school. 4. But much educa­tion also lakes place outside the classroom. 5. But most democratic nations consider education’s bene­fits to individuals equally as important as its benefits to society.


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