double arrow

UNIT I: INFORMATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES

Active vocabulary

1. Accuracy (n) – точность, правильность 11. Interpret (v) – толковать, истолковывать
2. Complete (adj) – полный 12. Obtain (v) – получать, добывать
3. Convey (v) – передавать 13. Output (n,v) – вывод; выводить
4. Create (v) – создавать 14. Perform (v) – выполнять
5. Current (adj) – текущий 15. Process (v) – обрабатывать
6. Data (n) – данные 16. Relevance (n) – уместность, актуальность
7. Device – устройство 17. Store (v) – хранить
8. Define (v) – определять 18. Support (v) –поддерживать, содействовать
9. Display (v) – показывать 19. Timely (adj) – своевременный
10. Input (n, v) – ввод; вводить 20. Up-to-date (adj) – современный, новейший

Text A: Information

To understand the nature of information and what it is, you must understand another term – data.

Data is any raw facts or observations that describe a particular phenomenon. For example, the current temperature, the cost of a part, and your age are all data.

Information is simply data that has a particular meaning within a specific context. For example, if you are trying to decide what to wear, the current temperature is information because it is necessary to your decision what to wear.

Information may be data that has been processed in some way. Processing is a series of actions or operations that convert input into output. When we speak of data processing, the input is data, the output is useful information. So, data processing is a series of actions or operations that convert data into useful information.

The interchange of the words data and information is widespread, so the differences between them are:

Data: - Facts, statistics used for reference or analysis.

- Numbers, characters, symbols, images that can be processed by a computer.

- Data must be interpreted, by a human or machine, to derive meaning.

- «Data is a representation of information»

Information: - Knowledge derived from study, experience or instructions.

- Communication of intelligence.

- Information is any kind of knowledge that is exchangeable among people, about things, facts.

- «Information is interpreted data

Read the questions and choose the correct answer.

1. What is the raw material?

a) information; b) number; c) data

2. What is used for reference or analysis?

a) data; b) people; c) information

3. What is information?

a) storage; b) output; c) input

4. What is knowledge?

a) data; b) computer; c) information

5. What converts data into information?

a) storage; b) processing; c) output


Понравилась статья? Добавь ее в закладку (CTRL+D) и не забудь поделиться с друзьями:  



Сейчас читают про: