2015-05-26
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1. Under probation, a convicted offender remains in the community, but is subjectto certain conditions imposed by the court. 2. Probation is a legal system for dealing with criminals (often young offenders) where they are not sent to prison provided (при условии), that they continue to behave well under the supervision of a probation officer. 3. A probation officer is an official of the social services who supervises young people on probation. 4. The probationer is supervised by a probation officer who assists the offender in securing and maintaining a job, and provides counselling. 5. By a probation order an offender is placed under the supervision of a probation officer for special period (often one or two years). 6. The police are interested in probation system as it affects prison population levels and places potential law violators back in the community.
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THE AMERICAN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM (part 1)
In theory, the American criminal justice system operates in such a manner. When a crime has been committed and it becomes known to the police, they investigate and attempt to find who did it. If they are successful the suspect is then arrested, informed of his constitutional rights, and registered in the police records.
The accused is next taken before a judge, or a magistrate. If the offence is minor, the judge may deal with the accused at this time. If the offence is major, the accused is held for further action.
Responsibility for charging the accused with the violation of a specific law belongs to a prosecuting attorney. If the prosecutor believes that the police have sufficient evidence, he prepares a complaint, identifying the accused and giving the details of the charges against him.
At the preliminary hearing, a prosecutor presents the charge and evidence against the accused before a judge. If the judge determines that there is sufficient evidence that the accused has committed the offence, he will send the case to a grand jury.
