Radio Electronics in Space

Soviet radio electronics has made a great contribution to the preparations for space flights to the Moon, to the planets of the Solar System and to remote stellar worlds. It has proved the possibility of making effective use of radio electronics and radio communication in peaceful space exploration.

When the first space flights were made by Y. Gagarin and G. Titov radio electronics was extensively used for trajectory measurements, for the transmission of radiotelemetric data and for radio communication with the Earth.

In the flights made by A. Nikolayev and P. Popovich some­thing fundamentally new was introduced in space radio commu­nication. The cosmonauts established and maintained reliable two-way telephone and radio communication during their three days of twin flight, coordinated their activity by means of radio, informed each other of the conditions in their cabins and compared the readings of their instruments.

In order to ensure radio communication between the space­ships and also to guarantee contact between the astronauts and the Earth, the spaceships carried radio stations which operated in the short-wave band on 20.006 megacycles with amplitude modulation and in the ultra-short-wave band on 143—625 megacycles with frequency modulation.

Numerous short-wave and ultra-short-wave radio stations have been installed at different points on the Soviet territory. They ensured the most favourable reception of the transmissions made by the astronauts and also the transmission of messages to the spaceships. The high precision of operation of means of communication on the ground made it possible to maintain reliable radio contact with the astronauts.

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