Vocabulary Exercises

Exercise 1. Find the following words:

· English equivalents to: водительское удостоверение на право вождения только в светлое время суток, марка/ модель автомобиля, ехать со скоростью 50 км/ч, заправочная станция самообслуживания, быть за рулем, припаркованный автомобиль, по маршруту/в пути, получить водительское удостоверение.

· Russian equivalents to: to drive with casual ease, hands resting lightly on the wheel, to honk at regular intervals, daylight-hours-only license, learner’s permit, suburban road, car pool, a set of car keys.

Exercise 2. Translate the sentences paying attention to the different meanings of the phrasal verb ‘to pull’.

· to pull away – быстро выехать, рвануть (со стоянки и т. п.)

· to pull in –останавливаться (на какое-то время)

· to pull into somewhere – останавливаться (в пути)

· to pull out – отъезжать (от какого-то пункта), выруливать

· to pull over – съезжать на обочину и останавливаться;

· to pull up – останавливать(ся)

1. They pull up the driver for speeding. 2. I pulled up at the traffic lights. 3. We'd better pull in to at the next gas station for some petrol. 4. She checked her rear view mirror and pulled away. 5. The driver pulled the bus up only just in time to avoid hitting the child. 6. Pull into the next petrol station and I’ll ask where the bank is. 7. We pulled over to take some pictures of this monument. 8. He pulled in so that ambulance could pass. 9. The leader is pulling away now, and is sure to win. 10. Never pull out into heavy traffic without due care and attention. 11. The car was making a funny noise so I pulled over, and looked under the bonnet.

Exercise 3. Translate the sentences into English.

1. АБС вмешивается в процесс торможения только в определенных случаях – при экстренном торможении. 2. Резкое торможение часто вызывает блокировку колес. 3. Сейчас водители чаще выбирают АКПП (автоматическую коробку переключения передач) из-за комфортности управления автомобилем. 4. Хотя известно, что АБС уменьшает тормозной путь, но на скользкой от снега и льда дороге система увеличивает его, препятствуя пробуксовку. 5. Алкоголь, мобильные телефоны, громкая музыка и лекарства влияют на реакцию водителя. 6. Даже некоторые ароматы (например, лаванда), духи и лосьоны после бритья притупляют (замедляют) реакцию водителя. 7. Система, которую называют «парковочный ассистент» помогает выбрать место стоянки и парковать машину. 8. Начинающий водитель чаще при торможении нажимает полностью и резко педаль тормоза, в то время, как профессионал тормозит постепенно, сначала нажимая на педаль тормоза, а потом отпуская ее. 9. Чтобы научиться уверенно водить, человеку необходимо хотя бы год-два.

Exercise 4. Match words with their meaning.

Exercise 5. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1. Harm from road traffic crashes is greater than that one formed by all other transportation modes (air, sea, space, off-terrain, etc.) combined. 2. The road sign “Reduce speed now” means to start going slowlier. 3. “No through road for motor vehicle” tells that there is no way out at the other end of this road for cars.

Exercise 6. Read the following text and choose the best variant for the blanks.

He pulled 1) … at the traffic lights and a horde (шайка) of children crowded round his car trying to scrub off yesterday’s dirt from his windscreen. He shooed them away (вспугивать, прогонять). His mind was running at a hundred miles an hour. What was he going to say?

The minute the policeman had pulled him 2) … he knew he was in trouble. The policeman had been sitting at the side of the road and he hadn’t seen him. The policeman had walked over to his car and as he wound down his window the night air had hit him. “You realise you were 3) …?” he said. “I clocked you doing 75”. He found it difficult to talk. He had a very busy and difficult day at the office and he was now on his way home. He 4) … up outside his home. He turned off the engine, got 5) … the car and slowly walked towards his flat’s door.

to wind down - открывать окно транспортного средства

Exercise 7. Agree or disagree with the following statements. Give your reasons.

1. Men are reckless (неосторожный) drivers mostly.

2. The more you drive, the better you drive.

3. The driving age should be 16 all over the world.

4. You don't need a car if you live in a big city.

5. Men don't like when women drive. Women are usually afraid of driving.

6. Politeness is the key to safe driving.

7. Speeding is the main reason for car accidents.

Exercise 8. Analyze the sentence and then translate it.

1. One method is to post special safety signage on the most dangerous highways. 2. Road traffic safety aims to reduce harm (deaths, injures and property damage) resulting from crashes of road vehicles. 3. Speed is a key goal of modern road design, but impact speed affects the severity of injury to both occupants and pedestrians. 4. Most road signs are retro-reflective to reflect light from vehicle headlights back to the driver’s eyes. 5. Contributing factors to highway crashes may be related to the driver (such as driver error, illness or fatigue), vehicle (brake, steering or throttle failures) or the road itself (lack of sight distance, poor roadside clear zone, etc.). 6. Better motorways are banked on curves in order to reduce the need for tire-traction and increase stability of the vehicles. 7. Poor pavement construction can lead to safety problem. 8. Better roads, better sight lines, fewer bends and blind corners, less traffic, better lighting, better visibility, better weather conditions – all these that are supposed to make for greater safety, in fact, make for greater danger…because every “nonrestrictive” safety measure is treated by the drivers as an opportunity for more speeding.