Exercise 2. Complete the text with missing words

In November 1979, the ministers of the environment from the European countries and representatives from

the United States and Canada met in Geneva under the ______________ of the Economic Commission for

Europe on the Protection of the Environment. Their purpose was to ____________ pollution from industrial

_____________. The representatives ____________ a resolution to limit, gradually reduce, and prevent this

form of pollution. They also _____________ a declaration stating that economic development and

technological must be ____________ with the protection of the environment and _____________ the use of

no-waste technologies in their industries.

Some businesses have long understood that environmental protection and economic progress can go hand

in hand. By changing its __________ ____________ and _____________ its water and solvents, the

company has saved not only money, but also energy.

Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company has expanded production by 40% and significantly reduced

its ____________ ____________ ______________.

By 1976, this company had realized that the cost of _______________ increasing demands for pollution

control was threatening its ____________. It decided to attack the problem __ __ ______ by applying the

philosophy that pollutants plus know-how equal potential resources and new profits. By viewing

__________ as an indicator of waste and an opportunity for profit ______ ______ as a costly threat, the

company had saved over $20 million.

The savings possible from such __-____ approaches vary widely from industry to industry and plant to

plant. Many existing plants and processes in all industries tend to have a good ______ for improving

efficiency, _______ costs, and minimizing waste and pollution.

Some industries are able to turn half their _____ _______ _______ to before having to pay for the hard task

of cleanup, and of them are in North America.

The key to 3M's success has been giving corporate-wide recognition to the importance of technological

innovation in making the company _______ and _________, delegating responsibility and initiative to the

______ _______ rewarding all company personnel who get involved in 3P programs.

To qualify as a 3P program, a proposal has to __________ or reduce a pollutant; bring reduced energy use

or more ___________ use of raw materials; include some innovative features; and bring monetary

________ through reduced capital or operating costs.New growth areas tend to ______ from technological

innovation, and innovation tends to result from external need or pressure. Environmental pressure generates

innovation.

Environmentally _________ economic activity continues to stimulate the economy. It is an estimated 2% of

the ____________ national product in countries like the United States. The amount of employment

____________ by all aspects of environmental protection in the United States was, at the 1977

Environmental Improvement Council Conference, reported to be 2 million jobs. Direct employment induced

by the National Environmental Policy Act runs at about 75,000.

In determining the direction of their future growth, companies as well as nations will more and more have to

take environmental concerns ___ ______. The ___________ objective of the corporation is survival, and

reaching that depends very much on the adaptation of corporation to its environment.

This new commercial area has brought in its __________ a wave of new businesses. In the Federal

Republic of Germany, more than new companies have recently been set up to provide ______________

products and services. In the United States, there are companies like Apollo Chemical Co., which started in

the air pollution business some 15 years ago employing 10 people, but which now over 400 and has

___________ around the world. Another Waste Management, Inc., a garbage-handling business based on

new technology that yields a _____________ of $350 million.

More and more companies are assessing the environmental impact of projects they are _________ to

introduce.

They can also __________ their projects from being blocked by the courts or by citizen protest actions. By

becoming concerned about environmental impact ahead of time, companies can avoid costly, bad press,

and heavy financial _____________.