2018-01-08
1177
1. Makarenko followed Darwin’s theory of evolution.
2. The idea of nationality was not reflected in Ushinsky’ principles.
3. The main idea of Makarenko’s system was education and upbringing in community.
4. “Family should pay much attention to a child”, said Makarenko.
5. Suhomlinsky singled out individual interests and social ones.
VI. Answer the questions:
1. What did Ushinsky consider the main part of education?
2. Why is mother tongue so important in upbringing?
3. Why is a goal or a purpose necessary for the collective?
4. How did Makarenko prove that labour was important for upbringing?
5. What was the role of parents in Suhomlinsky’ pedagogics?
VII. Make up a plan of the text.
VIII. Read and translate the text using the dictionary:
Sukhomlinsky V. D.
Sukhomlinsky was born in a peasant family in the village of Vasylivka, in Ukraine. He graduated from Poltava Pedagogical Institute in 1939 and fought in World War II.
The main point of Sukhomlinsky’s system of education was his approach to moral education, which involved sensitising his students to beauty in nature, in art, in human relations and encouraging students to take responsibility for the living environment, which surrounded them. Sukhomlinsky taught his students that the most precious thing in life is a human being and that there is no greater honour than to bring joy to other people. He taught them that they should bring joy to other people and especially to their families, they should strive to create beauty in themselves and in the environment. Thus there was a very close connection between moral and aesthetic education in Sukhomlinsky’s approach.
Another aspect of being truly human was the development of the intellect, so that the horizons of the mind grew ever wider, gradually encompassing the whole world and reaching into the depths of space. Sukhomlinsky could not agree with those, who sought to give education a purely practical focus, who thought that knowledge was worthwhile only if it found direct application in the work place. For him the study of foreign languages and astronomy were essential, in order for a person to appreciate the world of which they were a part and to broaden their minds.
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IX. Make up a plan of the text in the form of questions.
X. Render the text in a written form.
XI. Mind the following words:
common – загальний
valuable – корисний
a strain – стиль
IX. Listen to the text “Ushinsky K. D.” and try to understand it.
X. Answer the following questions:
1. How can you express the main idea of Ushinsky’s education?
2. What is the role of education according to Ushinsky?
XI. True/ False statements:
1. Ushinsky considered science as a basis of art.
2. Ushinsky said: “There is a common system of education to all nations”.
3. According to Ushinsky, education cannot solve the questions of live.
Unit 12
