2020-04-12
1607
Level A
We learn the new words / Мы учим новые слова
| side effect | побочный эффект |
| rash | сыпь |
| hives | крапивница |
| avoid | Избегать |
| rare | Редкий |
| mild | Мягкий |
| supplement | Добавка |
| blood thinners | Коагулянт |
| interaction | взаимодействие |
| make sure | убедиться |
We read / Мы читаем
Read and translate the text / Прочитайте и переведите текст
Side Effects
Most of the time, medicines make our lives better. They reduce aches and pains, fight infections, and control problems such as high blood pressure or diabetes. But medicines can also cause unwanted reactions. One problem is interactions, which may occur between
• Two drugs, such as aspirin and blood thinners
• Drugs and food, such as statins and grapefruit
• Drugs and supplements, such as gingko and blood thinners
• Drugs and diseases, such as aspirin and peptic ulcers
Interactions can change the actions of one or both drugs. The drugs might
not work, or you could get side effects. Side effects are unwanted effects caused by the drugs. Most are mild, such as a stomach aches or drowsiness, and go away after you stop taking the drug. Others can be more serious.
Drug allergies are another type of reaction. They can be mild or life threatening.
Skin reactions, such as hives and rashes, are the most common type. Anaphylaxis, a serious allergic reaction, is rarer. When you start a new prescription or over-the-counter medication, make sure you understand how to take it correctly. Know which other medications and foods you need to avoid. Ask your health care provider or pharmacist if you have questions.
Level B
Vocabulary
| side effect | побочный эффект |
| hives | крапивница |
| itch | зуд |
| tonics | тонизирующие |
| sedatives | успокаивающие |
| laxatives | слабительные |
| sleeping pills | снотворное |
| antipruritic | противозудное |
| antiseptic | антисептический, антисептическое средство |
| healing | лечебное, заживляющие действие |
| curative | излечивающий |
| helpful | помогающий, полезный |
| asthma | астма |
| allergic reaction | аллергическая реакция |
| toxic, poisonous | ядовитый |
| adverse; unfavorable | неблагоприятный |
Reading
Effects of Drugs
Drugs come into the body and are absorbed into the bloodstream. Depending upon the body sensitivity and reactivity drugs produce various actions and have different effects. According to their effects, drugs may be tonics, sedatives, laxatives, sleeping pills, analgetics, anesthetics of a local or systemic action, anti-pruritics or antiseptics. The action of the drug is expected to be healing, curative and helpful. It can produce strong or weak effect, may be neutral. But sometimes when the prescription is not followed, in case of overdose or hypersensitivity of the body, drugs produce (give) side (or adverse) effects, such as, hives, rhinitis, asthma, allergic reaction, blood dyscrasia, collagen disorders, photosensitivity and other reactions. Some drugs are toxic and poisonous. Their overdose may cause untoward, unexpected and unfavorable reactions and sometimes even death. So, follow only the dose indicated on the label or a signature. Some drugs or a combination of drugs have additive, cumulative, synergetic and idiosyncratic action. Some drugs may produce tolerance or sometimes anaphylaxis.
Drugs are dispensed and stored in a place known as pharmacy. The pharmacist will tell you how to take and how to store the drug. The pharmacist can tell you, “Take a tablespoonful of this mixture and do not forget to shake it before using” or “Keep this mixture in a cool place”.
Say it in English
- оказывать действие;
- эффект может быть сильным,
- привыкание;
- нежелательное, неожиданное действие;
- в случае передозировки;
- фоточувствительность
- эффект накапливания;
- побочные эффекты;
- усиливающее действие.
- хранить лекарства при комнатной температуре или в прохладном месте;
- патологическое состояние крови
Answer the questions:
1. What do drugs produce depending on the body sensitivity and reactivity?
2. What may drugs be according to their effect?
3. What effects may drugs produce?
4. What adverse reactions and side effects may drugs give?
5. What reactions may the overdose of some drugs cause?
Speaking
1. Where are drugs absorbed?
2. What may drugs be according to their effects?
3. What is the action of the drug expected to be?
4. When do drugs produce side or adverse effects?
5. What adverse reactions can drugs cause?
6. What can help a person to avoid adverse reactions?
7. What can a pharmacist tell a person who buys medicines?
Составьте устное сообщение (8-12 предложений) на английском языке, используя текст “Effects of Drugs”, по плану:
1. Actions which drugs produce in the body
2. Side effects which may occur in case when the prescription is not followed
3. Prevention of dangerous consequences caused by careless taking of drugs
Раздел 8. Healthy Lifestyle and Proper Nutrition Modal Verbs / Здоровый образ жизни и основы рационального питания. Модальные глаголы
Тема 8.1. Micromolecules of Life, Protein, Fats, Carbohydrates / Макромолекулы жизни. Белки, жиры, углеводы
Level A
We learn the new words / Мы учим слова
| weight - вес represent - представлять repetition - повторение link - связь proteins - белки nitrogen-containing - азотосодержащие paramount - главный contain - содержать carbon - углерод hydrogen – водород | sulfur -сера iron - железо perform - выполнять diverse - разнообразный fats - жиры essential - важный dairy - молочный grain - зерно carbohydrates - углеводы supplier - поставщик origin –происхождение compound – соединение (хим) |
We read / Мы читаем
