2020-04-12
714
Г.Р. Чайникова
ENGLISH
Учебно-методическое пособие
Издательство
Пермского национального исследовательского
политехнического университета
2018
УДК 802.0(075)
ББК 81.2
Ч 15
Рецензенты:
канд. пед. наук Е.Л. Пипченко (Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет);
канд. филос. наук Н.А. Симанова (Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет, Березниковский филиал)
Чайникова, Г.Р. Английский язык: учебно-методическое пособие / Г.Р. Чайникова – Пермь: Изд-во Перм. нац. исслед. политехн. ун-та, 2018. – 112с.
ISBN
Учебно-методическое пособиепо английскому языкунаправлено на формирование и развитие иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции в ситуациях повседневного и академического общения, а также на формирование умений самостоятельно читать литературу и извлекать информацию из иноязычных источников.
Изучаемый материал организован по модулям, каждый модуль включает задания по формированию и развитию грамматических и лексических навыков, а также умений основных видов речевой деятельности. Контрольные работы предназначены для самостоятельной работы над материалом. Пособие включает также краткий грамматический справочник.
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Пособие издано на основе действующей программы по английскому языку, в соответствии с требованиями ФГОС высшего профессионального образования.
Предназначено для студентов I курса заочной и очно-заочной (ускоренной) форм обучения технических специальностей, бакалавриат.
УДК 802.0(075)
ББК 81.2
ISBN © ПНИПУ 2018
ОГЛАВЛЕНИЕ
ВВЕДЕНИЕ. 4
МОДУЛЬ I 5
МОДУЛЬ II 18
МОДУЛЬ III 32
МОДУЛЬ IV.. 47
КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ РАБОТЫ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ СТУДЕНТОВ 59
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №1. 60
КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА №2. 71
ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ТЕКСТЫ ДЛЯ ЧТЕНИЯ.. 84
ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ. 90
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ПО САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЕ. 91
КРАТКИЙ ГРАММАТИЧЕСКИЙ СПРАВОЧНИК.. 102
СПИСОК ИСПОЛЬЗОВАННОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ.. 112
ВВЕДЕНИЕ
Учебно-методическое пособие по английскому языкупредназначено для студентов I курса заочной и очно-заочной (ускоренной) форм обучения технических направлений бакалавриата. Целью пособия является формирование и развитие иноязычной коммуникативной компетенции в ситуациях повседневного и академического общения, а также формирование умений самостоятельно читать литературу и извлекать информацию из иноязычных источников.
Весь лексический, грамматический и тематический материал разбит на четыре модуля. Каждый раздел включает задания по формированию и развитию грамматических и лексических навыков, а также умений основных видов речевой деятельности (чтение, говорение и письмо). Пособие также включает две контрольные работы по вариантам для самостоятельной работы над материалом и методические указания к ним, а также краткий грамматический справочник.
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Пособие разработано в соответствии с требованиями ФГОС высшего профессионального образования на основе действующей программы по английскому языку. Данное учебно-методическое пособие может быть использовано как для самостоятельной работы студентов, так и для проведения практических занятий и контроля сформированности речевых навыков и умений.
МОДУЛЬ I
I’M A STUDENT
1. Grammar: to be, to have, there + be, Simple Tenses Active
2. Vocabulary: I’m a student
3. Speaking: Telling and asking about the studies
4. Reading: Higher Education in Russia
5. Writing: Completing a form
I. GRAMMAR
Упражнение 1. Употребите соответствующую форму глагола to be в Present Indefinite.
1. I _____ from Moscow. And where _____ you from?
2. How old _____ you? How old _____ your brother?
3. What _____ your friend’s name?
4. What _____ your friends’ names?
5. I _____ glad to see you. How _____ you?
6. The dog _____ in the garden.
7. Tom’s parents _____ engineers.
8. We _____ students. ______ you a student too?
9. What _____ your parents’ address?
10. These books _____ interesting.
Упражнение 2. Употребите глагола to have / have got или конструкцию there + be в соответствующей форме Present Indefinite. Обратите внимание на порядок слов в вопросе.
1. My friend _____ a new flat.
2. _____ three rooms in his flat.
3. _____ Rachel _____ a laptop computer?
4. _____ they _____ a big house?
5. _____ a library in the university?
6. _____ a telephone in your flat?
7. I _____ no TV-set in my room.
8. _____ no TV-set in my room.
9. _____ (not) any shops in this street.
10. He _____ (not) any CDs.
Упражнение 3. Поставьте глагол, данный в скобках, в Present Simple.
1 My sister _____ in a restaurant (work).
2 David ______ the bus to work (not/take)
3 We ______ at half past seven. (get up)
4 I _____ dinner at eight o’clock. (have)
5 John _____ lunch in his office. (have)
6 Mrs Dawson _____ to work by car. (go)
7 Susan _____ her car on Saturday morning. (wash)
8 The children _____ to school at the weekend. (not/go)
9 My mother _____ in the city (not/ live)
10 I _____ traffic jams ("пробки") (not/like)
Упражнение 4. Дополните вопросы, используя глагол в скобках в Present Simple. Обратите внимание на порядок слов в общем вопросе.
Do you work every day? (work)
1 ______ Maria _______ her work? (like)
2 ______ your parents _______ DVDs? (watch)
3 ______ John _______ computer games? (invent)
4 ______ I ______ in my sleep? (talk)
5 ______ Anna _______ children? (have)
Упражнение 5. Составьте вопросы в Present Simple, используя данные ниже подсказки.
1 William/ leave home/ at eight o’clock?
2 When/ you/ start work?
3 Where/ your parents/ go on holiday?
4 you/ work/ in an office?
5 she/ have/ a fax machine?
6 What time / he/ get up?
7 When/ Emily/ have dinner?
8 you/ like/ nightclubs?
9 they/ go/ to the beach at the weekend?
10 where / you/ work?
Упражнение 6. Заполните пропуски в диалоге подходящим по смыслу глаголом.
1 – Hello, I _____ Kate Kern. And what _____ your name?
2 – Hi, my name _____ Ann Brown. I _____ glad to meet you.
3 – Where _____ you live, Ann?
4 – I _____ from Leeds. And where _____ you from?
5 – I _____ from London. ______ there a sports centre in Leeds?
6 – Yes, there _____ three big sports centres in my town.
7 – What _____ your favourite sport?
8 – I like swimming. And what about you? ______ you like swimming?
9 – No, I _____. But my best friend ______. And I like tennis.
10 – _______ you ______ any hobbies? ______ you like reading?
11 – Yes, I _____.
12 – What ______ your favourite books?
13 – I like detective stories. Do you?
14 – No, I ______. _____ you ______ any brothers or sisters?
15 – No, I ______ an only child.
16 – And I _____ a brother.
17 – How old ______ he?
18 He _____ 5. He _____ go to school.
Упражнение 7. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в Past Simple.
Lisa’s Day
Lisa’s day 1)_____ (start) at 8.00 a.m. yesterday. She 2)_____ (walk) to work at 9.00 and she 3)_____ (work) from 9.30 to 4.30. Then she 4)_____ (play) tennis with a friend from 4.30 to 5.30. At home she 5)_____ (cook) dinner for her family then she 6)_____ (help) her son with his school work. In the evening she 7)______ (watch) a video and she 8)_____ (relax).
Упражнение 8. Составьте рассказ о распорядке дня Уоррена, используя данную ниже информацию.
Warren’s Day.
start 6.30a.m.
walk to bus stop 7.00
wait for bus 7.15 to 7.30
work 8.00 to 4.00
repair cars all day
cook dinner
study 7.30 to 9.30
listen to music
Упражнение 9. Перепишите предложения, используя форму Past Simple от глагола to be и слова данные в скобках.
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I, he, she, it (ед.ч.) was (wasn’t)
we, you, they (мн.ч.) were (weren’t)
1 I am at university now. (yesterday at 9)
2 We are glad to see you. (at our party)
3 He is a student. (5 years ago)
4 She is ill. She is in bed. (yesterday)
5 Are the children at school? (from 8 to 12)
6 It isn’t cold today. (last week)
7 You are late. (for the meeting)
8 Where are you? (last summer)
Упражнение 10. Перепишите предложения, не соответствующие действительности, в отрицательной форме и дайте правильный вариант.
1 I was in London last week.
2 We were in the canteen (столовая) five minutes ago.
3 My grandfather was the President of the country.
4 I was late for the first lesson.
5 There were 5 lectures yesterday.
6 The revolution of 1917 was in December.
7 World War II was from 1941 to 1945.
8 Pushkin and Lermontov were artists.
Упражнение 11. Повторите формы неправильных глаголов, разделите данные ниже глаголы на правильные и неправильные и заполните таблицу формой Past Simple.
| INFINITIVE | PAST SIMPLE FORM | |
| Regular | Irregular | |
| 1 be 2 try 3 | tried | was/were |
invent, get up, take, see, help, come, put, make, can, write, study, have, go, fail, work, buy, do
Упражнение 12. Перепишите предложения, используя форму Past Simple глагола и слова данные в скобках.
He usually gets up at 7 o’clock. (yesterday)
He got up at 7 o’clock yesterday.
1 We take the bus to work every morning. (yesterday morning)
2 Many students fail in mathematics. (in the autumn term)
3 Don and Eva see their grandchildren once a week. (last Sunday)
4 Mum makes fantastic chocolate biscuits. (for the party)
5 I help my sister with her English. (yesterday)
6 Albert goes to Turkey on every holiday. (on his last holiday)
7 I can swim 500 metres in twenty minutes. (when I was a child)
8 My sister buys a lot CDs. (2 days ago)
9 We study many new subjects at university. (last year)
10 They aren’t very happy about the weather. (about the weather on holiday)
11 He usually comes in time. (for the first lesson)
12 I work in the evenings. (yesterday evening)
Упражнение 13. Составьте вопросы, используя данные ниже подсказки. Ответьте на вопросы.
you / have/ a good holiday?
Did you have a good holiday?
1. Where/ you/ go?
2. you/ stay/ in a nice place?
3. What/ you/ do?
4. you/ meet/ any friends?
5. How long/ you/ stay?
6. When/ you/ get home?
7. you/ buy your friends/ anything?
Упражнение 14. Перепишите предложения, не соответствующие действительности, в отрицательной форме и дайте правильный вариант.
Christopher Columbus invented the compass.
Christopher Columbus didn’t invent the compass. He discovered America.
I was in London last week.
I wasn’t in London last week. I was in Perm.
1 Charles Darwin was an American.
2 William Shakespeare [`∫eikspiә] wrote ‘Don Quixote’ [`kwiksәt].
3 My great-grandparents were bankers.
4 We had mobile phones in the 1970s.
5 My father studied at Oxford.
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6 My brother studied Chinese at school.
7 I took ten exams in winter.
8 I failed at my last examination.
9 I did my homework yesterday morning.
10 I saw the President of our country yesterday and spoke to him.
Упражнение 15. Поставьте глагол в скобках в соответствующую форму Past или Present Simple.
1 I usually _____ (to watch) TV in the evenings.
2 Yesterday evening I _____ (to watch) an interesting film.
3 He _____ (to go) to the university four days a week.
4 He _____ (to meet) his friend at the cinema two days ago.
5 _____ you _____(to read) this book when you _____ (to be) a child?
6 _____ you often _____ (to read) newspapers?
7 Where _____ (to be) you now? – I _____ (to be) at university.
8 I _____ not _____ (to do) my last homework.
9 He _____ not ______ (to know) my brother.
10 Ann _____ not (to be) in the south last summer. She _____ (to go) to Poland.
Упражнение 16. Вы принимаете участие в опросе. Предположите, произойдут ли в будущем данные события:
1 technologies/ develop/ rapidly
2 earthquake/ strike/ …
3 people/ fly to the Mars/ in...
4 economy/ improve significantly/ in …
5 climate/ continue to change
6 it/ be much warmer / in ….
7 palms (пальмы)/ grow in the Ural region
8 there/ be the second Flood
9 people/ live more than 100 years
10 scientists/ discover/ cure for the flu
Упражнение 17. Скажите, что это произойдет в будущем. Употребите глагол в скобках в форме Present Simple или Future Simple. Обратите внимание на придаточные услоия и времени.
1 If you (go) to Perm, you (see) him.
2 Unless I (be) too busy, I (go) there for certain.
3 When you (see) him, you (speak) to him, I hope.
4 Unless he (be) too busy, he (help) you.
5 Provided he (be) busy, he (tell) you about it.
6 If I (have) enough time, I (visit) the Russian Museum.
7 If you (work) hard, you (have) enough time.
8 As soon as I (return), I (call) you up.
Упражнение 18. Употребите глаголы to be, to have или конструкцию there + be в соответствующей форме Present, Past или Future Indefinite. Обратите внимание на порядок слов в вопросе.
1. The weather _____ bad yesterday, but it _____ nice today.
2. The teacher asked the students:
a) - _____ any questions to me?
b) - _____ (you) any questions to me?
3. He _____ no time now, but I think, he _____ free tonight.
4. Some years ago _____ some cinemas in our town, but now _____ only one.
5. a) We _____ four lessons tomorrow.
b) _____ four lessons tomorrow.
Упражнение 19. Поставьте глагол в одной из форм Simple, соблюдая порядок слов в английском языке.
1. My friend _____ an engineer. He _____ (work) at a factory.
2. When he _____ (graduate) from the university next year, he _____ (work) as a foreman.
3. We _____ (get) books from the library last week.
4. They _____ (translate) text two tomorrow.
5. _____ (you / read) this book in your childhood?
6. _____ (the teacher / ask) the new grammar rule at the next lesson?
7. _____ (there / be) any laboratories at your university?
8. _____ (there / be) nobody in the lab.
9. He _____ (not/go) to the cinema yesterday.
10. The lecture _____ (not/ usually begin) at 8 o’clock.
Упражнение 20. Поставьте глагол в одной из форм Simple, соблюдая порядок слов в английском языке.
1 Where _____ (you / be) from?
2 That book _____ (not / be) interesting.
3 I _____ (not / stay) at home on Sundays.
4 He _____ (not / have) much money.
5 Where _____ (you / live)?
6 Your sister _____ (go) often to the theatre? – No, she _____.
7 He (be) 14 next year.
8 _____ (she / come) to the party tomorrow?
9 I can give him the book, if I _____ (see) him tomorrow.
10 I don’t know, if I _____ (see) him tomorrow.
11 The weather _____ (be) nice today, but it _____ (be) bad yesterday.
12 _____ (you / see) often Tom? – Not often, but I _____ (see) him some days ago.
13 When _____ (you / write) your friend last time?
II. VOCABULARY
Упражнение 21. Выучите слова по теме «Я – студент».
| student [`stju:dənt] full-time student part-time student extramural [,ektrə`mjuərəl] student first-year student | студент студент дневного отделения студент вечернего/ очно-заочного отделения студент-заочник первокурсник |
| study [`stΛdi] | учиться (at)); изучать |
| university [,ju:ni`və:siti] | университет |
| branch [bra:nt∫] (of) | филиал |
| faculty | факультет |
| department [di`pa:tmənt] full-time department part-time department extramural department | 1) отделение; 2) кафедра |
| major [`meiʤə] | 1) (in) специализироваться, учиться по направлению; 2) профилирующая дисциплина, специализация |
| speciality [,spe∫i`æliti] | специальность |
| engineering [,enX`niəriŋ] chemical engineering computer engineering mechanical engineering electrical engineering mining engineering construction engineering industrial automation [in`dΛstriəl,o:tə`mei∫ən] | инженерное дело, технология |
| subject [`sΛbXikt] both general and special subjects different/ various subjects | дисциплина, предмет |
| enter [`entə] | поступать |
| graduate [`grædjueit] | выпускаться (from), оканчивать (вуз) |
| the course of studies | курс обучения |
| take... years last | занимать, требовать (времени) длиться, продолжаться |
| academic year study year | учебный год |
| term [tə:m] | семестр |
| take an examination | сдавать экзамен |
| pass an examination | сдать экзамен |
| fail an examination fail in an examination | завалить экзамен |
| test take/ pass/ fail a test | проверка знаний, тест, зачет |
| credit get a credit for a course | зачёт (за прохождение какого-либо курса в учебном заведении) получить зачёт по предмету |
| in advance | заранее |
| attend [ə`tend] | посещать |
| lecture [`lekt∫ə] at a lecture attend lectures on history | лекция |
| seminar | семинар |
| class miss classes We have 4 classes today. | занятие, урок пропускать занятия |
| take notes | вести конспект |
| practical training | производственная практика |
| course paper [`ko:s`peipə] | курсовая работа |
| graduation project graduate work do a graduate work defend a graduate work | дипломный проект |
| degree [di`gri:] get a degree a degree in mechanical engineering Bachelor [`bæt∫ələ] Bachelor’s degree Master [`ma:stə] Master’s degree | степень получить степень |
| become [bi`kʌm] | становиться |
| engineer [,enXi`niə] electrical engineer chemical engineer mechanical engineer construction engineer automation engineer software engineer chief engineer | инженер |
| specialist [`spe∫əlist] in | специалист в сфере (области) … |
| work work as a foreman work for a big company | работать работать мастером (в качестве …) |
Упражнение 22. Распределите данные выше слова по соответствующим ассоциативным группам.
III. SPEAKING
Упражнение 23. Ответьте письменно на вопросы о вашей учебе, используя слова и выражения из предыдущей части.
1. What is your name?
2. Where do you study?
3. When did you enter the University?
4. What year student are you?
5. Are you a full-time student?
6. What is your major?
7. How often do you have lectures and practical classes?
8. When do your lectures begin?
9. When are they over?
10. How many subjects do you study?
11. What kind of subjects do you study?
12. How many classes do you have per week? Which?
13. How many examinations and tests will you take this term?
14. Do you think that you will pass them successfully?
15. Which examination or test will be the most difficult for you? Will you fail it?
16. Can you take any exams or tests in advance?
17. Do you like studying at University? Why?
18. How many years does the course of study take?
19. When will you graduate from the University?
20. What qualification will you get when you defend your graduate work?
21. What job can you do with your degree?
22. What are your plans for the future?
Упражнение 24. Восстановите вопросы, используя в качестве подсказок ответы на вопросы.
1....? – There are three departments: full-time, part-time and extramural ones.
2....? – I work in a full-time job, that’s why I’m taking a part-time course.
3....? – We usually study 2 days a week, on Friday and Saturday.
4....? – It is not so difficult to study, but it takes a lot of time.
5....? – No, I’m not. I’m not very good at maths.
6....? – Computing, because it is easy for me.
7....? – No, sometimes I miss classes.
8....? – In winter we’ll take 4 credit-tests and 3 examinations.
9....? – There are 18 students in my group.
10....? – I hope to get a well-paid job.
IV. READING
Упражнение 25. Прочитайте и переведите текст.
HIGHER EDUCATION IN RUSSIA
Every citizen of our country has the right to education.
Higher education plays an important part in the life of any country as it provides the country with highly-qualified specialists for future development and progress. It trains people to become teachers, engineers, doctors and other professional workers.
The information explosion has affected every field of study, especially, of course, in the natural and applied sciences and in all other sciences as well. The increase of information requires new methods and new approaches to students’ training and instruction.
The system of higher education in Russia is going through a transitional period. The main objectives of the reform are coordination of the national system of higher education with the European one and training highly-qualified specialists able to work at the level up to the world standard.
Higher education in Russia is provided by a great number of universities, institutes and academies. There are three departments at the universities and institutes of Russia: full-time, part-time and extramural departments. Part-time and extramural students have an opportunity to study without leaving their jobs. All applicants must take competitive exams if they want to enter a higher educational establishment.
Training specialists at our higher educational institutions combines theoretical studies with practical work and industrial training. Students have lectures and practical classes. They attend lectures on different subjects and take notes. During practical lessons they study the material of the lectures.
The academic year usually lasts 9 months and is divided into two terms. The first- and second-year students obtain detailed instructions in the fundamental sciences of mathematics, physics, chemistry and drawing as well as computer engineering and a number of others. The curricula are enriched and broadened by instructions in such subjects as foreign languages, history and economics.
In the third year students get more advanced knowledge and begin to concentrate on their special interests, so to say, their major subject and take many courses in this subject. Specialized study and courses will help students to become specialists and prepare them for their future work.
After four years students will get a Bachelor’s degree. Then the students may go on with their studies and in a year or two of further study and research get a Master’s degree.
Education is a process through which culture is preserved, knowledge and skills are developed, values are formed, and information is exchanged.
Notes on the Text
applicant [`æplikənt] – абитуриент
approach [ə`prəut∫] – подходы
curriculum [kə`rikjələm] (pl. curricula) – учебная программа
education [,edju`kei∫n] – образование
the right to education – право на образование
explosion [ek`slkəuзən] – взрыв
instruction [in`strΛk∫ən] – обучение, преподавание
objective [ɔb’Xektiv] = purpose – цель
research [ri`sə:t∫] – исследования
science [`saiəns] – наука
skills – умения, мастерство
transitional [træn`zi∫ənəl] – переходный, промежуточный
up to the world standard – на уровне мирового стандарта
values [`vælju:z] – ценности
Упражнение 26. Выпишите из текста английские эквиваленты данных слов и словосочетаний.
Высшее образование, право на образование, высоко-квалифицированный специалист, прикладные науки, главные цели, переходный период, на уровне мировых стандартов, без отрыва от работы, абитуриенты, второкурсники, фундаментальные науки, основная дисциплина (специализация), продолжить обучение, исследование.
Упражнение 27. Определите, являются ли данные утверждения
а) истинными; б) ложными; в) в тексте нет информации.
Процитируйте текст в подтверждение или опровержение.
1. Higher education in Russia is free of charge.
2. The national system of higher education is changing now.
3. The main objective of higher education is to harmonize our system of higher education with the European one.
4. Not all students can combine work and studies.
5. Training specialists is based on lectures.
6. Specialization usually begins in the second year.
7. The Master’s degree is the next after the Bachelor’s degree.
8. Education is very important for the development of society.
Упражнение 28. Расскажите об образовании в России, используя слова и выражения из данного модуля и вопросы, данные ниже.
1. Who has the right to education?
2. What types of higher educational institutions are there in Russia?
3. What forms of study are there?
4. Why do many people choose part-time courses?
5. What must applicants do if they want to enter a higher educational institution?
6. What does training specialists at the university combine?
7. How many terms is the academic year in Russia divided into?
8. What kind of subjects do students study in the first and the second years?
9. When does specialization begin?
10. How long is the course of studies for a Bachelor’s degree?
11. What qualification do students get after graduation?
12. What opportunity is there for the graduate who has received a Bachelor’s degree?
13. Why do you want to get higher education?
V. WRITING
Упражнение 29. Подберите вопросы к частям бланка.
| Job Application Form | |
| a) How old are you? | 1 SURNAME Thomson |
| b) What’s your phone number? | 2 FIRST NAME Steve |
| c) What’s your family name? | 3 DATE OF BIRTH 12 March 1992 |
| d) What’s your email address? | 4 AGE 19 |
| e) Are you married or single? | 5 MARITAL STATUS single |
| f) What’s your job? | 6 NATIONALITY British |
| g) What’s your first name? | 7 PASSPORT OR IDENTITY CARD NUMBER 1997863 |
| h) What’s your address? | 8 ADDRESS 98 Hard Road, Birmingham |
| i) What’s your nationality? | 9 EMAIL ADDRESS steve.tom@emails.com |
| 10 TELEPHONE NUMBER 0777 187634 | |
| 11 OCCUPATION student | |
| 12 QUALIFICATIONS ------------ | |
| 13 LANGUAGES English, Italian | |
| 14 NEXT OF KIN Mr Alfred Thomson (father) | |
| Please sign here: Steve Thomson |
Упражнение 30. Напишите следующие русские фамилии английскими буквами. Обратите внимание на правила транслитерации русских имен.
| е, ё – e | х – kh | ы – y |
| ж – zh | ц – ts | ь – ie /’ |
| з – z | ч – ch | ю – iu/ yu |
| и – i | ш – sh | я – ia/ ya |
| й – ei, iy, ai | щ –shch | ски – sky |
Семёнов, Жуков, Вознесенский, Кузмин, Чайковский, Хрущёв, Циолковский, Чехов, Шукшин, Быков, Беленький, Юркин, Яковлев
Упражнение 31. Вы хотите открыть счет в банке. Заполните бланк.
 |
МОДУЛЬ II
OUR UNIVERSITY
1. Grammar: Degrees of comparison; Types of questions; Passive Voice
2. Vocabulary: Our university
3. Reading: Berezniki Branch of Perm National Research Polytechnic University
4. Speaking: Telling and asking about the university
5. Writing: Informal letter
I. GRAMMAR
Упражнение 1. Употребите нужную форму прилагательного, поставьте определенный артикль, где необходимо:
1. Moscow is (large) than Petersburg.
2. John is (short) than William.
3. Henry is (tall) of all.
4. This summer is (hot) than last summer.
5. December 22 is (short) day of the year.
6. This is (beautiful) house in the city.
7. He is (good) student in the group.
8. Which is (large) city in your country?
9. Mathematics is (difficult) for him than physics.
10. The Volga is one of the (long) rivers in the world.
11. January is (cold) than March.
12. Agatha Christie is one of (famous) English writers.
13. There were (many) students at the lecture today than yesterday.
14. The Assembly Hall is (large) room in our university.
15. Yesterday our team played football very badly. I think it was their (bad) match.
16. Their house in the country is (little) comfortable than their flat in the town.
Упражнение 2. Переведите предложения и словосочетания, обращая внимание на союзы сравнения:
1. It was not so warm as it is today.
2. I do not get up so early on Sunday as on weekdays.
3. Unit One is not so difficult as Unit Three.
4. She does not work at her English as much as she did last year.
5. Chemistry is not so interesting to him as mathematics.
6. As black as coal (уголь).
7. As heavy as lead (свинец).
8. As light as a feather (перо).
9. As wet as a fish.
10. He knows English better than you.
11. This book is more interesting than yours.
12. English is easier than Russian.
13. This flat is less comfortable than ours.
14. The more we study, the more we know.
The more we know, the more we forget.
The more we forget, the less we know.
The less we know, the less we forget.
The less we forget, the more we know.
So why study?
Упражнение 3. a) Напишите степени сравнения от данных ниже прилагательных и наречий:
interesting, boring, easy, difficult, little, much, bad, calm, intensive, hard, good, large, well
b) Употребите подходящее по смыслу прилагательное или наречие в нужной форме:
1 I study at the ________ university in our town.
2 After I entered the university, my life changed. Earlier my life was ________. Now it has become much ___________ than before it.
3 Earlier I had ___________ time and now I have ____________ time than before.
4 At University we study _________ subjects but I like … ___________ of all.
5 Computing is __________ for me than English.
6 When I studied at school, I took many exams. But I passed mathematics __________ than other subjects.
7 It is ________ to take examinations at university than at school.
8 This term I study ________ than I did at (technical) school.
9 The _______ I study, the _______ I know.
10 After I graduate from the university, my life will not be as ________ as now.
Упражнение 4. Укажите вариант с правильным порядком слов.
1. My grandfather likes ______.
a) to work every day in his garden
b) in his garden to work every day
c) to work in his garden every day
2. We _____ this test at the last lesson.
a) didn’t write
b) not wrote
c) wrote not
3. ______ to the University by bus.
a) He goes usually
b) He usually goes
c) Usually he goes
4. ______ her homework in the evening?
a) Does she
b) She does
c) Does she do
5. _____ very tired after work.
a) I’m usually
b) Usually I’m
c) I usually
6. _____ you will arrive ___________.
a) At the airport … at 10 p.m.
b) - - - … at the airport at 10 p.m.
c) - - - … at 10 p.m.at the airport.
7. __________ to the country ____________?
a) You will go … next Sunday?
b) Will you go … next Sunday?
c) Will you go next Sunday …?
8. _____ saw the news _____________.
a) I yesterday … on television.
b) I... yesterday on television.
c) Yesterday I... on television.
9. When ________________ opened?
a) … will the new exhibition be …
b) … will be the new exhibition …
c) … the new exhibition will be …
10. There was a _____ forest near the village.
a) beautiful, large, old, pine
b) large, beautiful, pine, old
c) pine, old, beautiful, large
Упражнение 5. Напишите слова в правильном порядке, так чтобы получился вопрос.
1. fishing/ enjoy/ he/ does?
2. you/ at sports/ good/ are?
3. musical/ you/ do/ a/ instrument/ play?
4. next weekend/ here/ be/ you/ will?
5. a lot of/ there/ group / are/ in your/ students?
6. your/ the holidays/ plans/ are/ what/ for?
7. for the lesson/ come/ always/ do/ you/ late/ why?
8. last/ see/ a good film/ did/ when/ you?
9. the last/ how many/ passed/ examination/ well/ students?
10. to learn/ it/ will/ me/ how long/ French/ take?
Упражнение 6. Выберите правильный вариант.
1. Will you be here next weekend?
a) No, I shan’t.
b) No, I shalln’t.
c) No, I’m not.
2. Are there a lot of students in your group?
a) Yes, they are.
b) Yes, they do.
c) Yes, there are.
3. Did you go to bed late last night?
a) Yes, I do.
b) Yes, I did.
c) Yes, I was.
4. Do you receive letters from your friends?
a) Yes, they do.
b) Yes, I am.
c) Yes, I do.
5. He wasn’t good at mathematics, was he?
a) Yes, he wasn’t.
b) No, he was.
c) No, he wasn’t.
6. You like black coffee,
a) aren’t you?
b) don’t you?
c) do you?
7. There was nobody there,
a) was there?
b) wasn’t there?
c) were they?
8. Your friends entered the Medical Academy,
a) didn’t they?
b) did they?
c) weren’t they?
9. Sam doesn’t work hard,
a) doesn’t he?
b) does he?
c) is he?
10. I’m busy,
a) aren’t I?
b) don’t I?
c) am not I?
Упражнение 7. Задайте вопрос к пропущенному члену предложения.
1. I like eating … for breakfast.
What _________________?
2. We usually go to … for our holidays.
Where ______________________?
3. She played the … as a child.
What __________________?
4. … people applied for this vacancy.
How many _________________?
5. I will buy a ….
What ______________?
6. My mother can … really well.
What ____________________?
7. They were late for school … last week.
How many times _________________?
8. After lunch you phoned ….
Who __________________?
9. The … usually examines the student.
Who ______________________?
10. We will be free ….
When ___________?
Упражнение 8. Переведите предложения, определите форму сказуемого.
a) 1. He told them an interesting story.
2. Will they show us a new film?
3. People don’t read much at present.
b) 1. The students are asked a lot of questions.
2. Was she visited by her friends last week?
3. You will not be received by the rector.
Упражнение 9. Поставьте глагол в скобках Present Simple Active или Present Simple Passive.
Example
Every hour the planet Earth travels (travel) 66,620 miles around the sun.
Eleven earthquakes are felt (feel) somewhere in the world.
Look at what happens
in just 60 minutes!
1. The world’s population ______ (grow) by 9,300.
2. £75 million ______ (spend) on all kinds of weapons.
3. Your heart ______ (beat) 4,800 times.
4. Your hair ______ (grow) 0.18796mm.
5. 12,540,000 cans of Coca-Cola _______ (drink).
6. 916,500 McDonald’s hamburgers _______ (eat).
7. 17,465 bottles of whisky ______ (produce) in Scotland.
8. 1,426,940 letters _______ (send).
9. The Pentagon in Washington ______ (receive) 8,300 telephone calls.
10. £558,000 worth of goods _______ (sell) in Harrods department store.
11. 12,000 passengers ______ (pass) through Heathrow airport.
12. 166 Volkswagen cars ______ (make) in Germany.
Упражнение 10. Употребите предлог by или with.
1. The lock was broken a hammer.
2. This book was written ____ my favourite author.
3. The cake was decorated ____ icing (сахарная глазурь).
4. The tiger was shot ____ a gun.
5. Claire was shouted at _____ her teacher.
6. He was hit on the head ____ an umbrella.
7. The letter was written _____ a pencil.
8. He was waited for _____ his girl.
Упражнение 11. Поставьте глагол в скобках Past Simple Active или Past Simple Passive.
A burglary 1) _____ (carry out) in the high street yesterday morning. Two men 2) _____ (enter) a jeweller’s shop and 3) _____ (order) the assistant to hand over (передавать) jewellery (ювелирные изделия) and money. The thieves 4) _____ (escape – ускользать) with jewellery worth £2,000, but 5) _____ (arrest) later, as they 6) _____ (try) to leave the country.
Упражнение 12. Поставьте глагол в скобках Past Simple Active или Past Simple Passive.
A: Did you visit many places when you were on holiday?
B: Well, on the first day we were taken (take) on a tour of the historic
monuments by our guide.
A: Oh. Did you go everywhere with him?
B: No, we also 1) ____ (go) to some places by ourselves.
A: How 2) _____ you _____ (manage – удаваться) to travel to the
other places?
B: We 3) ____ (advise) to hire a car, but we 4) ____ (choose) to travel on
public transport because it is much cheaper.
A: How 5) _____ you _____ (know) which buses and trains to catch, though?
B: We 6) ____ (ask) at the tourist information centre and we 7) _____ (give) an
excellent book which 8) _____ (tell) us everything we needed to know.
A: So, you enjoyed it then?
B: Oh, yes! We 9) _____ (have) a really great time!
Упражнение 13. Поставьте глагол в скобках в соответствующем залоге и времени. Обращайте внимание на порядок слов в вопросе и отрицании!
1. An interesting problem _____ (to discuss) at the last lecture.
2. We _____ (to discuss) it next week.
3. The newspapers _____ (to bring) usually in the morning.
4. The postman _____ (to bring) newspapers four times a week.
5. When _____ (your university /to found)?
6. Who _____ (to found) the Moscow University?
7. A new laboratory _____ (to open) next week.
8. What subject _____ (they / to study) last year?
9. This experiment _____ (not/ to complete) soon.
10. I _____ (not/ to send) for the doctor yesterday.
Упражнение 14. Перефразируйте предложения, изменяя залог подчеркнутого глагола, но не меняя смысл высказывания.
1. The day before yesterday Tom Jenkins invited us to the restaurant.
2. The problem was discussed at the last conference, but they didn’t take any decision.
3. What theme will you discuss at the next lesson?
4. When was the letter of recommendation sent by him?
5. Be careful! Special attention must be paid to the work with documents.
6. Peter is not allowed to go to parties because his mother thinks that he is too young for it.
7. Tomorrow we shall finish the work.
8. When does the nanny take the children to the park?
9. She looked after her little sister when her mother was at work.
10. This book is often referred to by our teacher.
Упражнение 15. Поставьте глагол в скобках в соответствующем залоге и времени. Обращайте внимание на порядок слов!
1. Why don’t you answer when you _____ (to ask)? 2. We _____ (to ask)again but nobody could answer us. 3. Why _____ (you / not / to send) the letter yesterday? 4. When _____ (you / to come) to see us again? 5. We _____ (not / to have) classes at weekends. 6. Special subjects _____ (not/ to study)in the first year. 7. Yesterday three trains _____ (to cancel – отменять) at this station. 8. Where _____ (the next Winter Olympic Games / to hold – проводить)?
Упражнение 16. Переведите предложения и задайте вопрос к подчеркнутому слову.
1. He was listened to with great attention.
2. The documents were sent for a week ago.
3. This article is much spoken about.
4. This book is often referred to.
5. He worked hard on his new novel.
6. The work of this student was paid attention to.
7. The child was looked for everywhere.
8. She looked through the morning newspapers at breakfast.
9. The children will be taken care of by their aunt.
10. I can always rely on my friends.
Упражнение 17. Переведите предложения и задайте вопрос так, чтобы подчеркнутые слова были ответом на вопрос.
1. In the USA, elections for President are held every four years. 2. They attentively looked at the picture of this painter. 3. The doctor was sent for five minutes ago. 4. The teacher often speaks to the parents of this boy about his behaviour. 5. This material will be worked on at the next lesson.
II. VOCABULARY
Упражнение 18. Выучите слова по теме «Наш университет».
| assistant professor [ə`sistənt prə`fesə] | старший преподаватель |
| award [ə`wo:d] to award the status [`steitəs] (of) | присуждать |
| be located | быть расположенным |
| carry out [`kæri aut] to carry out research/ experiments | проводить, осуществлять |
| combine [kəm`bain] to combine work and studies | сочетать |
| competition [,kompə`ti∫ən] | конкурс, соревнование |
| confer [kən`fə:] to confer the rank | присуждать, присваивать присваивать звание |
| council [`kaunsəl] Student Council | совет (общественный орган) |
| dean [di:n] | декан |
| department Department of Technology and Industrial Mechanization | кафедра (в вузе) |
| develop [di`veləp] development | развивать |
| education [,edju`kei∫n] additional professional education | образование |
| educational [,edju'keiʃənəl] educational consulting centre | образовательный; учебный |
| enterprise [`entəpraiz] industrial enterprise | предприятие; фирма, компания |
| equip [i`kwip] | оборудовать |
| event [i`vent] sports events | мероприятие |
| faculty [`fækəlti] general technical faculty | факультет общетехнический факультет |
| hold [həuld] to hold a conference | держать; устраивать (мероприятие) проводить конференцию |
| improve [im'pru:v] to improve one's skill skill level improvement | улучшать; совершенствовать совершенствовать (повышать, развивать) умение |
| include [in`klu:d] | включать в себя |
| instruct [in`strΛkt] instructor instruction | обучать, учить |
| leisure time [`leƷə`taim] | свободное время, досуг |
| organize [`o:gənaiz] reorganize (into) | организовывать |
| professor | профессор |
| research [ri`sə:t∫] do research research laboratory | 1) исследовать, изучать 2) исследование 3) исследовательский |
| science scientific [`saiən`tifik] scientific conference scientific activity scientist [`saiəntist] | наука |
| specialist [`spe∫əlist] | специалист |
| take part to take part in a conference | принимать участие (in) |
| train [trein] | готовить, обучать |
| transform [træns`fo:m] | преобразовывать (into) |
Упражнение 19. Выполните данные ниже задания.
а) Подберите синонимы к данным ниже словам:
to award, to reorganize, to instruct, to be situated, to participate;
б) Назовите однокоренные слова к данным ниже:
science, special, to develop, to instruct, to equip, to improve;
в) Составьте словосочетания с данными глаголами:
to award, to train, to equip, to take part, to improve, to carry out, to hold, to combine, to reorganize;
г) Прочитайте определение и скажите, о ком (о чем) идет речь:
1) an institution of higher education having authority to award bachelors' and higher degrees;
2) a division or office of a large business or organization, operating locally or having a particular function;
3) a division of a university or school faculty devoted to a particular academic discipline;
4) a group of university departments concerned with a major division of knowledge;
5) the head of a university;
6) a university teacher lower in rank than an assistant professor;
7) a person who specializes in a particular area of activity;
8) the chief administrative official of a college or university faculty;
9) a person who studies or practises any of the sciences or who uses scientific methods;
10) the principal lecturer or teacher in a field of learning at a university or college;
11) time free from work, for relaxation, etc.
Упражнение 20. Распределите данные выше слова по соответствующим ассоциативным группам.
III. READING
Упражнение 21. Прочитайте и переведите текст, обращая внимание на слова и выражения, выделенные курсивом.
