Task VI. Translate the following text into Russian

Revenue collection and protection of economic interests have always been the principal function of Customs.

Customs duty is a tariff or tax on the import or export of goods. Every country has its own Customs regulations, which stipulate what articles are liable to duty and what are duty-free.

Sometimes an article which falls under Customs restrictions and is liable to duty is allowed in duty-free, if the traveler does not exceed a certain fixed quota. Customs restrictions also include a prohibited list of items which may not be brought into a country or taken out of it.

If the traveler has any item which comes under Customs restrictions, he is asked to declare it. That is, he is asked to name the item, stating its value and other particulars. The declaration is made either orally or in writing on a special form.

The practice seems to vary in different countries. Upon payment of duty the traveler is given a receipt. As a rule personal effects are duty-free. Customs payments are generally paid before or when submitting Customs declarations to Customs.

 

ВАРИАНТ 19

Task I. Read the following text and answer some questions in writing:

1. What do Intellectual Property Rights offences affect?

2. Why do the criminal and terrorist organizations use the highly lucrative counterfeiting and piracy industry?

3. How has the distribution of counterfeit goods been diversified now?

Text

Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)

Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) offences now affect everything that is manufactured and has a commercial value, touching all sectors from horticulture to the auto industry to pharmaceuticals.

The offenders keep pace with the latest technology and with trends in the global market. The objectives are profit at any price and maximum cost-effectiveness, with total disregard for humanitarian considerations, an objective perfectly in keeping with the criminal and terrorist organizations which use the highly lucrative counterfeiting and piracy industry to finance their activities.

Nowadays, the means of production used by counterfeiters are equivalent to those employed in the licit product market, and are based on the latest technology. The counterfeiters adopt an industrial approach, enabling them to improve both the quality and the quantity of counterfeit goods.

In the past, the distribution of counterfeit goods was confined to fly-by-night networks, street-corner vendors, street stalls, etc., with no real organization. This distribution model limited the market penetration of counterfeit goods.

Distribution has now been diversified. Technical advances such as the Internet offer traffickers new distribution opportunities and make their illicit products accessible to the global marketplace. E-commerce has led to a huge increase in the number of transactions for which it is difficult to identify the vendors, who are able to hide behind pseudonyms. The distribution network involves large numbers of intermediaries, and increasingly innovative methods are being used to disseminate the goods.

Task II. Find the words synonymous to:

Counterfeit, transaction, distribution, goods, lucrative, pharmaceuticals, production, commercial, global, value, horticulture, offender, vendor, profit, approach, penetration.

Task III. Translate the sentences from English into Russian.

1. The impact of the counterfeit goods traffic on the global economy is becoming greater every year, and is affecting all those involved in international trade.

2. Counterfeiting causes serious economic and social damage to countries, in particular by discouraging inward investment.

3. Manufacturers, distributors and entrepreneurs are looking for a fair trading environment in which their products or trademarks will receive adequate protection against unfair competition.

4. International companies are tending to reduce the number of their manufacturing and distribution sites, with the result that they are extremely selective about which countries they eventually invest in.

5. The WCO has now established a Counterfeiting and Piracy Group (CAP) to provide a platform for its members to exchange best practices and discuss their views and experiences on IPR related issues.

6. Intellectual Property Rights offences now affect everything that is manufactured and has a commercial value, touching all sectors from horticulture to the auto industry to pharmaceuticals.

Task IV. Match left and right.

 

1. инновационный метод	Intellectual Property Right
2. уличный продавец /торговец	counterfeit goods
3. глобальный рынок	commercial value
4. контрафактные товары	discouraging inward investment
5. право интеллектуальной собственности	street-corner vendor
6. коммерческая стоимость /ценность	global marketplace
7. сдерживание притока инвестиций	large numbers of intermediaries
8. большое количество посредников	innovative method

Task V. Translate the following text into English using the word-combinations from the previous tasks.

Контрафактные товары

Контрафактные товары часто ввозятся контрабандой в Россию. Это подделки популярных брендов парфюмерии, компакт-дисков и лекарств. Подделывать – значит незаконно что-то имитировать. Распространение контрафактной продукции за последние годы превратилось в мировую проблему, при этом ассортимент товаров, являющихся объектом нарушений, значительно расширился.

Контрафактная продукция часто производится с намерением воспользоваться преимуществами превосходящей стоимости поддельной продукции. Слово «подделка» часто описывает как подделку валюты и документов, так и подделку произведений искусства, игрушек, одежды, программного обеспечения, фармацевтических препаратов, часов, электроники; логотипов и брендов компаний. В случае подделки товаров это приводит к нарушению патентных прав или товарных знаков.

Пиратство в сфере авторского права является социальной проблемой. Она не может быть решена путем принудительных действий, направленных только против поставщиков пиратских товаров. Пока есть спрос на пиратские товары, «пираты» все еще могут найти ниши, чтобы выжить.

Рост мировой торговли вызвал беспрецедентный всплеск промышленного контрафакта. Несмотря на все более изощренные методы контроля и большую осведомленность и приверженность политиков на международном уровне, контрафакция и пиратство в настоящее время являются неотъемлемой частью мира потребителей.