Stages of Psychological training

Вопрос 1. Психологические критерии профессио-нальной надежности моряков. Ошибки оператора и их последствия. Этапы психологического обес-печения надежности.

Psychological criteria of professional reliability.

Reliability of Professional Activity (надежность профессиональной деятельности) is a faultless performance by the person of his professional duties within the demanded time and under the set conditions of activity.

Consequences of Automation

The price of human mistakes especially began to be realised with the introduction of sophisticated automation designed to increase efficiency, but increase of efficiency usually means a corresponding decrease in thoroughness ([ʹθʌrənıs] - тщательность, скрупулёзность).

The introduction of automation leads reduced manning ( сокращенный состав экипажа ) closely connected with to heavy workloads and fatigue ( рабочие нагрузки и усталость ). E.g. the m/t Exxon Valdeze accident.

Sometimes wrong or untimely actions of the operator can result in not only economic but in human losses ( человеческие потери ) as well.

Reliability & Human Mentality

Professional reliability, in general, is a result of not only professional competence ([ʹkɒmpıt(ə)ns] - компетентность ) (i.e. certain knowledge and skills required for performance, but also reliable functioning of a human organism and mentality (надежное функционирование человеческого организма и психики).

Thus the problem of reliability of professional activity is directly connected with reliability of the person's mentality, in other words - with psychological aspects of Human Factor.

Seafaring Career and Professional Reliability

In relation to seafaring career, questions of professional reliability play a big role.

Seafarers’ life activity during a voyage proceeds in the extreme conditions of the increased responsibility and risk ( повышенная ответственность и риск ), probability of emergency situations.

2. At the same time while at sea seafarers are exposed to the pressure of various specific psychogenic (stress) factors causing mental overloads (психические перегрузки) of the crew, psychological discomfort, phenomena of psychological fatigue.

Psychological aspects of a human factor onboard a vessel find direct reflection in the problem of professional reliability of the ship’s personnel, and in development of preventive measures to ensure seafarers' mental health ( психическое здоровье )*.

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* mental health is a person’s condition with regard to their psychological and emotional well-being: (Oxford Dictionary).

The role of healthy mentality in ensuring reliability is great. Any specialist with necessary maritime training and physically healthy still remains potentially dangerous, if his mental characteristics do not meet their professional requirements (если его психические характеристики не соответствуют профессиональным требованиям ).

Therefore, a specialist of the marine transport should be having a continuous psychological training aimed at increasing his professional reliability.