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“for”
· It protects unarmed policemen, young children, civilized society;
· “Life sentence”: ten years “good conduct” and then freedom to live on the proceeds of crime;
· Suspension of capital punishment: senseless;
· Violent criminals: a hero figure; glorified on screen and by press;
· They expect and receive VIP treatment;
“against”
· Capital punishment creates, it doesn’t solve problems;
· This has been proved many times in the past: relaxation of harsh laws has never led to increase in crime rate;
· It’s absurd: capital punishment never protected anyone;
· Hanging, electric chairs are barbaric practices, unworthy of human beings;
· Suspension of capital punishment is civilized.
UNIT IV. ASPECTS OF LAW.
Civil Law.
I.VOCABULARY NOTES.
| to file the lawsuit | -возбуждать дело |
| the law of trusts | - трастовое право |
| a distinction | -различие |
| criminal trail | - уголовный процесс |
| incarceration | - заключение в тюрьму |
| a plaintiff | - истец |
| a defendant | - ответчик |
| challenge the claim | - опротестовывать иск |
| law of succession | - наследственное право |
II.READING
Text 1.
Distinctions between Сriminal and Сivil Law
There are many ways in which law can be classified. Criminal law is much better known to ordinary people as a result of journalists’ reports of famous criminal trials. A simple distinction between criminal law and civil law is that the latter regulates the relationships between individuals or bodies and the former regulates the legal relationships between the state and individual people or bodies.
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So, in civil law, private party files the lawsuit and becomes the plaintiff. In criminal law, the lawsuit is always filed by the government, who is called the prosecution. One more distinction is in the notion of punishment. In criminal law, a guilty defendant is punished by either i ncarceration in a jail or prison, fine or, in exceptional cases, by death penalty. In contrast, a defendant in civil litigation is never incarcerated.
Civil law covers such matters as family law, the law of trusts, ownership of property. Criminal law deals with actions that are harmful to society such as murder, rape, robbery, assault, theft, kidnapping, etc.
Task 1. Answer the questions:
- What is criminal law concerned with?
- What is civil law concerned with?
- Name a simple distinction between civil and criminal law.
- Give a fundamental distinction between civil and criminal law.
- What matters does civil law cover?
- What actions does criminal law deal with?
