2015-06-04
1072
Герундиальный оборот – это сочетание местоимения или существительного в общем или притяжательном падеже и герундия.
Данный оборот соответствует в русском языке придаточному предложению, чаще всего дополнительному с союзами что; то, что; о том, чтобы; в том, что. Причем герундий в русском предложении становится сказуемым этого придаточного предложения, а притяжательное местоимение (или существительное в притяжательном падеже) становится подлежащим придаточного предложения.
1) We know of Ann’s (her) having been sent to the conference. - Мы знаем, что Анну (ее) послали на конференцию.
2) His having worked at the plant helped him in his studies. - То, что он работал на заводе, помогло ему в учебе.
3) I know of his being sent to London. - Я знаю, что его посылают в Лондон.
Сравнительная таблица функций причастия и герундия
| Функция | Герундий | Причастие I |
| 1. Подлежащее 2. Именная часть сказуемого 3. Часть глагольного сказуемого 4. Дополнение 5. Определение 6. Обстоятельство. | Driving a car is his hobby. Нis hobby is driving a car. ------------------------------ He enjoys driving. I do not like his plan of drivingto the country. After driving almost the whole day he felt very tired. | ------------------- ------------------ He is drivingtoo fast. ---------------- The man driving a car is our manager. (When\While) driving a car one must be very attentive. |
Упражнение1. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на функции герундия в предложении.
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1. Reading English technical magazines is important for an engineer.
2. They began making the experiment in May.
3. After graduating from the institute he worked in the Far North.
4. After failing his examination in January he had to take it again in February.
5. There are different ways of obtaining the substance.
6. The organizers of the conference were informed of his refusing to take part in it.
7. I remember his having been interested in languages in his childhood.
8. I know of his having been sent to work to the Far East.
9. We heard of the experiment having been started last week.
10. New possibilities for applying atomic energy open up.
11. The idea of creating a multi-stage rocket belongs to Tsiolkovsky.
12. Before being sent up the balloon was filled with a special gas.
Упражнение 2. Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, найдите герундий и герундиальный оборот.
1. What form of heating is called dielectric? It is a form in which electrically insulating material is heated by being subjected to an alternating electric current. Dielectric heating results from energy being lost by the field to electrons within the atoms and molecules of the material.
2. Is any metal capable of being drawn out into a wire?
3. What is the name of an insulating material capable of being subjected to an electric stress?
4. A motor- starter is a device for starting motors from rest by the simple act of closing a switch.
5. Steam is an important factor in producing usable energy because of the power created by its expansion.
6. Constant speed of the machine is maintained without being affected by vibrations in the load
