Rail freight traffic

All modes of transport are used for cargo transportation. The producer of goods is often located far away from the consumer. There is a great demand for transport. Nowadays trains have to carry more and more freight, so there are several classes of freight cars. They can transport different kinds of cargo. It is cheaper to deliver freight by railway than by motor transport. Besides, rail transportation doesn’t depend on weather conditions.

Containerization has revolutionized international and domestic trade. The container traffic is in wide use on all modes of transport. It is mostly used on the railways. A large metal or wooden box of a standard size in which goods are packed can easily be lifted onto a train. It offered huge reduction in transshipment cost. Traditionally, all cargo was manually loaded and unloaded. Container traffic allows automated handling and transfer. It became a driving factor in international trade and globalization.

Containerization reduces the cost of loading and unloading goods and decreases the danger of their breakage. Goods are packed into containers at factories or warehouses and are not disturbed while in transit. They are conveyed from “door- to- door”. There are air-and waterproof containers for protection of goods from weather conditions.

5. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions and translate the sentences:

1. All modes …. transport are used ….. cargo transportation.

2. The point of production is often located far away ….. the point of consumption.

3. There is a great demand …… transport.

4. Logistics refers …… the entire process …… transferring products …… producer ……. consumer.

5. Containerization offered huge reduction ……. transshipment cost.

6. Liquid products may also be transported ……. pipeline.

6. Complete the sentences and translate them:

1. There is a great demand for……..

2. Containerization has revolutionized ………..

3. Containerization offered …….

4. A large metal or wooden box of a standard size is called …….