State and Identity (case study)

Officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising 36 states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja.

Nigeria is the colonial creation, and so many people in the country of different religions and languages. People in Nigeria speak on approximately 400 languages. And the country's three ethnic groups became the main: the Hausa in the north, the Yoruba in the west, and the Igbo in the east

In the 1960s, national political divisions were primarily a three-way split among the major ethnic groups and regions. 30 years later, the major political division was along a two-way, south-north, Muslim-Christian divide. Ethnicity had not disappeared; it had simply become more localized. In areas of religious conflict over the use of sharia as state law, ethnic and religious divisions often overlapped at the local level. In the southeastern oil region, local ethnicity continued to be very powerful, and Youruba separatist movements still exist today. All of this has posed severe challenges for Nigeria’s efforts at democracy. Ethnic conflict as a primary force frustrating the two prior attempts at democracy, and religious and ethnic tensions threaten to undermine the current democracy.

Exam Card # 29

On discipline "Political science”

Geopolitics.

Geopolitics is a method of foreign policy analysis which seeks to understand, explain, and predict international political behavior primarily in terms of geographical variables. A Nazi doctrine holding that the geographic, economic, and political needs of Germany justified its invasion and seizure of other lands.

Political realism.

Political realism refers to a theory of political philosophy that explains and prescribes political relations. This theory emphasizes the role of a nation state and assumes that all nation states are motivated by national interest. Moreover, it is fundamentally the nature of man that pushes states and individuals to act in a way that places interests over ideologies.