2020-04-12
2951
1. деятельность — activator, activities, activation, activity, activist;
2. подобным образом, также — similarity, similar, simple, similarly;
3. таким образом, так — so, then, thus, actually; 4. влиять на... — to effect, to defect, to affect
Translate these sentences
1. Нервная и эндокринная системы координируют и стимулируют деятельность всего организма.
2. Эндокринные железы не имеют протоков и выделяют свой секрет непосредственно в кровь, которая разносит его по организму.
3. Снижение функции или понижение активности эндокринных желез вызывает изменение в работе всего организма.
4. Деятельность эндокринных желез взаимосвязана и регулируется гипофизом.
5. Нервная система контролирует работу эндокринных желез.
Quiz
Instruction: Fill the blank
Growth hormone
Insulin
Thyroxine
Estrogen, progesterone
Testosterone
Parathormone
Regulates growth
Adrenaline
Controls the metabolism rate
Controls calcium balance of the body
Controls growth and development of female reproductive system
Controls glucose level of the blood
Controls growth and development of male reproductive system
Controls the functioning of endocrine glands
Prepares body for emergency
It also brings about balanced growth
| Glands | Hormones | Functions |
| Pituitary | ||
| Thyroid | ||
| Parathyroid | ||
| Adrenal | ||
| Pancreas | ||
| Testes | ||
| Ovaries |
Раздел 3. History of Medicine. The Past Simple Tense / История медицины. Прошедшее простое время
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Тема 3.1. Medicine Development in the Middle Ages/ Развитие медицины в средние века
Read and translate the text
| Words for learning healthy |ˈhɛlθi| Здоровьй, ill |ɪl| больной, illness |ɪlnəs| болезнь, broken bone |ˈbrəʊk(ə)n bəʊn|сломаная кость, plant |plɑːnt|растение, taste |teɪst|вкус, test |ˈtest| тест, safe |seɪf| безопасный, discover |dɪˈskʌvə| открывать, fever |ˈfiːvə| лихорадка, жар, medicine |ˈmɛds(ə)n|медицина,лекарство, sore skin |sɔː skɪn| раздражение кожи |
Early Medicine
Early people were nomads (кочевники) – they didn't live in one place and traveled around to look for food. Early people were healthy, because they lived outdoors most of the time and they walked and ran a lot. They hunted animals and ate meat and plants when they were still fresh. Early nomads used mud to heal broken bones. If they broke an arm or a leg, they put wet mud on it. Then the mud became dry and hard, and it stopped the arm or leg moving so that the bone inside could heal.
Early people believed that they got ill because evil spirits were inside them. Many people had amulets – things that can bring luck. They hoped that their amulets could stop them being ill. People cared for each other when they were ill. A shaman was a man or woman who sang songs, danced, and did magic spells to make people well. Many people believed that these magic spells worked. Nowadays some people also visit shamans because they believe that a shaman can help them.
When early people tasted plants to test which ones were safe to eat, they sometimes discovered plants that cured illness and fever. These plants were the first medicines. One of the oldest books about medicines made from plants was written in China more than four thousand years ago. Most early medicines were made from parts of plants such as flowers. People ate the plant parts or they made them into drinks. Sometimes they made the plant parts into lotions to put on their body. Nowadays many people also use medicines made from plants. For example, we use lotions made from aloe vera plants to make sore skin feel better.
Answer the questions.
1. Why were early people healthy?
2. What did they eat?
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3. How did early people heal broken bones?
4. Who was a shaman?
5. How did early people discover plants that cured illness and fever?
6. When was the first book about medicines made from plants written?
7. What are the lotions made from aloe vera plants used for?
Find in the text English equivalents for the following words and phrases.
кочевники, здоровые люди, свежий, растения, накладывать влажную грязь, сломанные кости, заживать, злые духи, приносящий удачу, больной, совершать магические обряды, пробовать (на вкус), проверять, безопасный, обнаруживать, болезнь, лихорадка, лекарство, лосьон, раздраженная кожа.
Match the words with their definitions.
1. shaman a. people who do not live in one place
2. discover b. a man or a woman doing magic spells
3. nomads c. things that can bring luck to people
4. amulets d. to find something new
Complete the sentences.
1. If early people broke an arm or a leg, they put wet …. on it.
2. Most early medicines were made from parts of …..
3. Early people believed that they got ill because …. were inside them.
4. People …. plants to test which ones were …. to eat.
5. A shaman sang songs, danced, and did …. to make people well.
6. People use …. made from aloe vera plants to make …. skin feel better.
Grammar Exercises
| To be – быть | ||
| Present (настоящее) | Past (прошедшее) | Future (будущее) |
| I am | I was | I shall be |
| You are | You were | You will be |
| He/ she/ it is | He, she, it was | He, she, it will be |
| We are | We were | We shall be |
| They are | They were | They will be |
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb to be:
1. Early people …. nomads. They …. healthy people.
2. Hippocrates … the most famous of all the Greek doctors.
3. Amulets... things that people think are lucky.
4. Lotion from aloe vera plant … a cream that people use to make sore skin feel better.
5. My brother … a doctor when he graduates from the university next year.
6. She … at home last night.
7. This medicine … safe and effective.
8. My friend … ill last week, but now he feels better.
9. This amulet … lucky.
10. Nowadays there … many medicines made from plants.
| Present Simple Tense – Простое настоящее время | ||
| Iuse | I do not use | DoI use? |
| You use | You do not use | Do you use? |
| He/she/it uses | He/she/it does not use | Does he/she/it use? |
| We use | We do not use | Do we use? |
| They use | They do not use | Do they use? |
Ask two questions to every sentence
1. Many people believe that amulets can bring luck.
2. Nowadays some people visit shamans.
3. I use this lotion to make my skin feel better.
4. This medicine is made from plants.
5. I always take this medicine to cure fever.
6.
