Read and translate the text

Words for learning ancient |ˈeɪnʃ(ə)nt| древний, bandage |ˈbandɪdʒ| бандаж, wound |wuːnd| рана, cure |kjʊə| лекарство, лечение, patient |ˈpeɪʃ(ə)nt| пациент, honey |ˈhʌni| мед, heal |hiːl| излечить, prevent |prɪˈvɛnt| предупредить, rest |rest| остаток, giant |ˈdʒʌɪənt| гигантский, waste |weɪst| отходы

 

 Medicine in ancient times

Ancient Egyptians. We know about medicine in Ancient Egypt because Ancient Egyptianswrote about their world. They cut words into walls and wrote on a type of paper. We know that Ancient Egyptians used magic spells to cure people, but they also had the first doctors. These doctors made medicines from plants, and they were good at putting bandages on wounds. They also used honey to help wounds to heal. This was a good idea. Even today, doctors put honey on wounds because it helps wounds to heal quickly.

Ancient Greeks. About 2,500 years ago in Ancient Greece many people believed that evil spirits or angry gods made them ill. Hippocrates was a Greek doctor and a teacher. He is the most famous of all the Greek doctors. And he is often called “the father of medicine”. Hippocrates believed that people became ill because there was something wrong with their body. He told doctors to watch patients and to think about their illnesses. Doctors wrote down what they learnt. They made medicines from plants and they wrote about which medicines worked. Soon doctors started to understand different illnesses. To prevent illness they told people to eat good food, to rest often and to do exercise.

Ancient Romans. Ancient Roman doctors learnt that being dirty and drinking dirty water could make people ill. To prevent illness Ancient Romans built baths and toilets for lots of people to use. At the baths there were big pools like swimming pools. Every day Romans went to the baths to wash and to meet friends. In some places Romans built giant bridges called aqueducts that brought water to cities from the high hills. This gave people clean water that they could drink and use. Romans also built pipes to take waste away from the cities to keep the cities clean.

Answer the questions:

1. How do we know about medicine in Ancient Egypt?

2. What did Ancient Egyptians use to help wounds to heal?

3. Who believed that people got ill because there was something wrong with their body?

4. What did doctors in Ancient Greece tell people to do to prevent illness?

5. Why did Ancient Romans build baths and toilets for lots of people to use?

6. What is an aqueduct?

Find English equivalents for the following words and phrases.

древние египтяне, высекать слова на стенах, вылечить, накладывать повязку на рану, медь, быстро зажить, древние греки, Гиппократ, пациент, предотвратить болезнь, часто отдыхать, древние римляне, бани, огромные мосты, акведук, трубы, мусор.

Complete the sentences.

1. Ancient …. doctors learnt that being dirty could make people ill.

2. Ancient Egyptian doctors were good at putting …. on wounds.

3. Every day Romans went to the …. to wash and to meet friends.

4. Romans built pipes to take …. away from the cities to keep the cities clean.

5. Giant bridges called …. brought water to the cities from high hills.

6. …. was the most famous of all the Greek doctors.

7. Hippocrates is called the …. of medicine.

8. To …. illness doctors told people to eat good food, to rest often and to do exercise.

 

Fill in the blanks with prepositions

1. Ancient Egyptians cut words into walls and wrote... a type... paper.

2. Doctors made medicines... plants, and they were good... putting bandages... wounds.

3. Even today, doctors put honey... wounds because it helps wounds to heal quickly.

4.... Ancient Greece many people believed that evil spirits or angry gods made them ill.

5. Ancient Greek doctors made medicines made... plants and they wrote about which medicines worked.

6. Romans built giant bridges called aqueducts that brought water to cities … the high hills.

 

Grammar Exercises  

 

Pay attention to the sentence from the text Обратите внимание на предложение из текста:

Romans also built pipes to take waste away from the cities to keep the cities clean. Римляне

также проводили трубы, чтобы удалить мусор из городов и поддерживать чистоту в городах.

 

We use the infinitive to say the reason for doing something.

Find other examples of this use of the infinitive in the text. Write them out and translate.

 

Past Simple Tense — Простое прошедшее время
The doctors made medicines	Did the doctors make medicines? What did the doctors make?
I made You made he, she, it made we made you made they made	What When Why How Where What for	DidImake? Did youmake? Didhe/she/itmake? Didwe make? Didyou make? Didthey make?
	Who	Made?

 

Ask special questions to the sentences  

1. Ancient Egyptians used magic spells to cure people. (What.../Who...)

2. Ancient Romans built baths and toilets for lots of people. (Who.../ What...)

3. Hippocrates was a Greek doctor and a teacher. (Who...)

4. In Ancient Egypt people cut words into walls. (Where...)

5. Being dirty and drinking dirty water made people ill. (What …)

6. Romans went to the baths to wash and to meet friends. (Why...)

 

Make up sentences from the given words.

1. used/to make/plants/Ancient doctors/medicines.

2. thought/Ancient Romans/drinking/ill./dirty water/that/made people/

3. Doctors/were/putting bandages/in Egypt/on wounds./good at/on wounds

4. Every day/ went/ to wash/ Romans/ and/ to meet friends./ to the baths

5. used /Early/mud/ to heal/people/ broken/ bones.

6. safe to eat./Early people/ plants/ which ones /tasted /were / to test

 

 

 Read and translate the text.

 

Words for learning influenza |ɪnflʊˈɛnzə| грипп,простуда, plague |pleɪɡ| чума, fight |fʌɪt| бой. Битва, драка, infected |ɪnˈfektɪd| инфецированный, зараженный, incurable |ɪnˈkjʊərəb(ə)l| неизлечимый, care for заботиться о, nuns |nʌnz|монахини ward |wɔːd| палата, surgeon|ˈsəːdʒ(ə)n| хирург, badly wounded-тяжелораненый