Shares and stocks in the uk

The capital of a limited company is divided into shares which may be in units of various value, like 1 pound sterling or more, or of 0,50, 0,25, or of as little as 0,05. Shares are not divisible. Shares are of two main types:

ordinary shares

preference shares

Ordinary shares generally carry no fixed rate of dividend but receive a dividend dependent on the amount of net profit earned by the company. Preference shares generally carry a fixed rate of dividend which is payable before the dividend on the ordinary shares is paid.

There are some other types of shares. For example, there are deferred ordinary shares which unlike ordinary shares carry a fixed rate of dividend. There are a few types of preference shares. There are cumulative preference shares and participating preference shares, for instance. They give their holders additional privileges.

Shares can be grouped into units of 100. These units are known as stocks. Stocks are usually quoted per 100 nominal value. Stocks, unlike shares, are divisible. It means that fractions of stocks can be bought and sold. There are:

government stocks

corporation stocks

debentures etc.

WORDS:

Exchange- биржа

futures exchange – фьючерская биржа

share- aкция

ordinary share- обыкновенная акция

preference share- привелегированная акция

deferred ordinary share participating - отсроченная привелегированная акция

 cumulative preference share- кумалятивная привелегированная акция

preference share- привелегированная акция участия

stock- акционерный капитал

unit- единица

to carry- приносить

dependent-зависимый

 profit -прибыль

net profit- чистая прибыль

fraction-часть

debenture- свидетельство на часть ссуды

TASKS

1. Translate into Russian:

Shares, government stock,corporation stock, debenture, ordinary share, deferred ordinary share, preference shares,cumulative preference share,participating preference share, fixed rate, to quote, a stock,divisible

Answer the questions

What are the usual values of shares?

Are shares divisible?

Do ordinary or preference shares carry a fixed rate of dividend?

Are deferred shares similar to ordinary or preference shares?

Are stocks divisible?

Can fractions of stocks be bought and sold?

What kind of shares gives their shareholders additional privileges?

3. Translate:

Доля в капитале компании, выплата дивидендов, акционерный капитал, владелец акций, ставка дивиденда, номинальная стоимость акций, получение дохода

 

4. Sum up what the text said about:

Ordinary shares

Preference shares

Stocks

Тема: Деятельность фондовых бирж.

Грамматика: Условные предложения. Типы нереальных условных предложений в английском языке. Сослагательное наклонение (Subjunctive Mood).

SECURITIES AND STOCK EXCHANGE

Shares, stocks and bonds form securities. Bonds are documents which give details of a loan made to a company or government. Securities issued by the British Government are called gilts or gilt-edged securities. This can also mean any high quality security without financial risk. Another way of describing these high quality securities is blue chips. Securities of all kinds are traded at the Stock Exchange. Only Stock Exchange members are admitted to transact business at the Stock Exchange. There are two kinds of people dealing on the Stock Exchange Market. They are brokers and jobbers. An investor who wishes to buy or sell securities must act through a broker. After the broker receives instruction from the investor or his client he approaches a jobber. Each jobber deals in a particular group of securities. The jobber asks the broker his price. The jobber usually does not know if the broker wishes to buy or sell and he quotes two prices:

• his buying price, or the bid

• his selling price, or the offer The difference of the two prices is the jobber's turn.

The existence of the stock exchange means that it is generally possible to buy or sell securities at any time at the market price.

The speculator on the stock exchange who buys securities in expectation of a rise in their prices is a bull.

The speculator wishing to sell securities in anticipation of a fall in their prices is a bear.

The biggest stock exchanges function in London, New York, Tokio and Frankfurt-on-the Mine, thus providing round-the clock operation of the stock exchange market.

WORDS

Bond- облигация

Detail-деталь 

Gilts-ценные бумаги

syn. gilt-edged securities-золотообрезные ценные бумаги

to mean-означать       

to describe-описывать         

blue chip-голубая фишка     

to admit-разрешать

to transact-проводить сделку

to approach-обращаться к

particular-определенный

bid- цена покупки

offer-предложение, цена продажи

difference-разница

jobber's turn-прибыль брокера

existence-существование

speculation-спекуляция

rise-повышение

bull-бык)участник играющий на повышение цены)

anticipation-предвкушение,.ожидание

fall-падение

bear участник аукциона, играюший на понижение цены, медведь

to function-функционировать

Tasks

1. Insert the correct prepositions and make short sentences with them, on the basis of the text:

to transact business... the stock Exchange

to deal... the stock Exchange Market

to buy and sell securities... any time... the market price

to buy securities... expectation... a rise... their price

to sell securities... anticipation... a fall... their price

to provide round-the clock operation... the stock exchange market

 

2. Find the answers in the text:

• What documents can we call securities?

• What securities are called gilts?

• Who is admitted to transact business at the Stock Exchange in London?

• What does an investor do if he wishes to buy or sell securities?

• Can an investor approach a jobber directly?

• Does each jobber specialize in one definite type of securities?

• What prices does the jobber usually quote to the broker?

• Why does the jobber usually quote both the selling and the buying price for the securities?

• What are the official names for each type of the price?

• What is the profit of the jobber?

• Who is a bull (bear)?

• What are the biggest stock exchanges in the world?

 

3. Complete the sentences with the following words:

stock exchanges, securities, loan, brokers, jobbers, gilts, chips

1 Shares, stocks and bonds form.................

2 Bonds are documents which give details of a made to a company or government.

3......................   issued by the British Government are called

4 Another way of describing high quality....................... is blue…

5......................... of all kinds are traded at the...................

6 There are two kinds of people dealing on the Exchange Stock Mar­ket, they are….and…    

7 Investors who wish to buy or sell securities must act through ….

4. Translate into English:

- акции; акционерный капитал

- облигации

- вьюококачественные ценные бумаги

- первоклассная ценная бумага, «голубые фишки»

- торговля (ать)

- рынок

- покупать (продавать) ценные бумаги

- цена покупки

- цена продажи

- повышение цен

- падение цен

- бык

- медведь

- фондовая биржа

- заключать сделки

5. Translate into English:

1. Ценными бумагами торгуют на фондовой бирже.

2 Брокеры и маклеры заключают сделки на бирже.

3. Ты можешь продать или купить ценные бумаги на фондовой бирже по ры­ночной цене в любое время.

4. Ценные бумаги с государственной гарантией выпускаются Британским пра­вительством.