2020-06-08
196
(направление «Экономика», «Менеджмент», «Экономическая безопасность»)
Вариант 2
I. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них глагол - сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык:
1. Prices regulate consumption and production in a market economy.
2. Many cars are exported to different countries.
3. Economic analysis can be used in many different spheres of our life.
4. They were not satisfied with the quality of your goods.
5. A subsidiary is being set up at the moment.
6. The farmers grow wheat in this region.
7. Our partners have already signed the contract.
II. В следующих предложениях подчеркните Participle I и Participle II и установите функции каждого из них, т. е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык:
1. The companies dealing with import - export transactions pay special quotas and tariffs.
2. Reading the article he found out many interesting facts on the activity of this company.
3. We enclose the letter received from the beneficiaries requesting details of this transfer.
4. Production is the entire quantity of goods produced.
5. The price of land called rent depends on supply and demand.
III. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.
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1. The purpose of the licensing is to protect businesses against counterfeiters.
2. We must make special efforts for owners of small shops to participate in summer selling.
3. To buy new and better machines instead of obsolete ones is necessary measure for enterprise to be profitable.
4. To satisfy the demands of young people, the prices for high quality goods were lowered.
5. For the shop’s profits to be increased the new project should be realized.
IV. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст:
Economists have two ways of looking at economics and the economy. One is the macro approach, and the other is the micro. Macroeconomics is the study of the economy as a whole; microeconomics is the study of individual consumers and the business firm.
Macroeconomics examines questions such as how fast the economy is running; how much overall output is being generated; how much total income. It also seeks solutions to macro-economic problems such as how employment can be increased, and what can be done to increase the output of goods and services. Microeconomics examines cause-and-effect relationships that influence choices of individuals, business firms and society.
It is concerned with things such as scarcity, choice and opportunity costs, and with production and consumption. Principal emphasis is given by micro economists to the study of prices and their relationship to units in the economy.
The resources that go into the creation of goods and services are called the factors of production. The factors of production include natural resources, human resources, capital and entrepreneurship. Each factor of production has a place in economic system, and each has a particular function. People who own or use a factor of production are expecting a «return or reward». This generates income which, as it is spent, becomes a kind of fuel that drives the economy.
Natural resources are the things provided by nature that go into the creation of goods and services. They include such things as minerals, wildlife and timber resources. Economists also use the term «land» when they speak of natural resources as a factor of production. The price paid for the use of land is called rent. Rent becomes income to the owner of the land.
Economists call the physical and mental effort that people put into the creation of goods and services labor. The price paid for the use of labor is called wages. Wages represent income to workers, who own their labor.
