To grow everywhere, far out in the ocean, giant sequoia, pine trees, to be impossible for plants, to come from plants, to make clothing. To give beauty, basic food crops.
Find in the text antonyms to the following words.
low today
few high
big build
small without
possible many
destroy large
yesterday small
with everywhere
nowhere impossible
Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the active vocabulary.
1. At last he could …freely.
2. … is a small hard seed.
3. Plants … from seeds.
4. … is an instrument with lenses for making very small objects appear larger.
5. The fire destroyed thousands of acres of …
6. There are a lot of …fields in our country.
7. He is a rare …
8. They … a plot of land with grass.
9. Are you a … member of society?
10. The Sahara …. Is the hottest place in Africa.
Say whether the following statements are right or wrong. Correct them if they are wrong.
1. Life is possible without plants.
2. People began to build houses from timber only 30 years ago.
3. People do not like to look at fields of grain.
4. We breathe the oxygen which comes from animals.
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5. There plants which are 2, 000 years old.
6. Plants can’t grow high in the mountains.
7. All plants are large.
8. People started to change plant 10,000 years ago.
9. Christopher Columbus saw the new corn in the New World.
10. There are 20,000 species of plants.
Grammar exercises
Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.
1. Если бы у меня было время, я бы посадил дерево.
2. Если бы у меня были деньги, я бы купил микроскоп.
3. Если бы я мог, я бы построил дом.
4. Если бы я был садовником, я бы посадил цветы в нашем саду.
5. Если бы я был фермером, я бы выращивал зерновые культуры.
6. Если бы Колумб приехал в нашу страну сейчас, он бы увидел новые деревья и растения.
7. Если бы я захотел отдохнуть, я бы поехал в лес.
8. Если бы у меня был микроскоп, я бы смог рассмотреть очень мелкие растения.
9. Если бы мы не дышали кислородом, мы бы не смогли жить.
10. Если бы я поехал в Калифорнию, я бы увидел секвойю.
Complete the following sentences.
1. If I lived in the desert …
2. If I lived in the forest …
3. If I found a cat …
4. If I saw a dog in the street …
5. If I grew roses …
6. If I bought flowers …
7. If I planted a tee …
8. If I lived 10,000 years ago …
9. If I ate vegetables …
10. If I grew food crops …
Text 2. Plants and nature
Plants and animals are organic nature. On the Earth plants make one third.
Animals and man will not live without plants because the cycle of nature links them. This natural process gives man and animals oxygen and food. The Sun gives energy for this process. Plants are special living things: the accumulate sunlight and make organic matter from inorganic in their leaves. Plants use sunlight and make their food; they give off oxygen into the air during this process.
Man and animals breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide, which plants
Combine with sun energy, water and minerals from the soil: and in this way make their food. After plants and animals die, rottingprocess will give back minerals to the soil, where plants will again use them.
Plants also play a very important part in conservation and protection of soil, water and animals. They protect soil from the wind and keep water in the soil.
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Trees give off a lot of oxygen into the air. For example, a hectare of pine forest gives oxygen for ten people. It is necessary to have 1,000 square kilometers of forest for ten million people.
If there are many parks and trees in a city and many forests around it, then its population will have enough oxygen to breathe.
ACTIVE VOCABULARY
cycle цикл
energy энергия
accumulate накапливать
give off выделять
breathe out выдыхать
carbon dioxide углекислый газ
rotting process процесс гниения
conservation сохранение
protection защита
wind ветер
square квадратный
population население
enough достаточно
EXERCISESES
Vocabulary exercises
I.Practice the pronunciation of the following words:
Cycle, accumulate, sunlight, breathe out, carbon dioxide, process, protection, square kilometer, population, enough.
Find in the text English equivalents to the following word combinations
составлять одну треть, поглощать солнечный свет, выделять кислород в воздух, вдыхать кислород, защитить почву от ветра, задерживать воду в почве, иметь достаточно кислорода.
Give Russian equivalents to the following word combinations
Cycle of nature, special living things, to make organic matter, breathe out carbon dioxide, to combine with sun energy, rotting process, conservation of soil
Find in the text antonyms to the following words
unnatural - give off
inorganic - breathe out
destruction, - many
breathe in - special
a lot of - natural
take in - organic
common - protection
5. Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the active vocabulary.
1. Horses, dogs, snakes – are all …
2. Energy … is a problem throughout the world.
3. There’s … food for everybody.
4. The … blew my hat off.
5. … is a time interval in which an event occurs repeatedly.
6. Flowers soon … if they are left without water.
7. These plants need … against the sun.
8. … is the upper layer of earth in which plants grow.
Say whether the following statements are right or wrong. Correct them if they are wrong.
1. Plants are inorganic nature.
2. The cycle of nature links man and plants.
3. Plants accumulate sunlight.
4. Man breathes in carbon dioxide.
5. Animals breathe out oxygen.
6. Plants keep water in the soil.
7. Plants use moonlight.
8. Plants make organic matter from inorganic in their leaves.
9. Plants make one fifth.
10.Animals can live without plants.
Grammar exercises
Translate the following sentences from Russian into English.
1. Жаль, что сейчас не лето.
2. Жал,. что мы не пошли в лес вчера.
3. Жаль, что я не посадил розы в саду.
4. Жаль, что эти деревья не защищают от ветра.
5. Жаль, что растения составляют лишь одну треть.
6..Жаль, что я не полил цветы вчера.
7. Жаль. Что у нас в городе нет парка.
8. Жаль, что эти деревья выделяют мало кислорода.
9. Жаль, что растения не живут долго.
10. Жаль, что мы посадили мало цветов на прошлой неделе.