Разговорный стиль

The answer to both is yes. It is part of the conceptual system underlying English: It is a principle for understanding the domain of love in terms of the domain of journeys. The principle can be stated informally as a metaphorical scenario: The lovers are travelers on a journey together, with their common life goals seen as destinations to be reached. The relationship is seen as fulfilling its purpose as long as it allows them to make progress toward their common goals. The journey isn't easy. There are impediments, and there are places (crossroads) where a decision has to be made about which direction to go in and whether to keep traveling together. More technically, the metaphor can be understood as a mapping (in the mathematical sense) from a source domain (in this case, journeys) to a target domain (in this case, love). The mapping is tightly structured. There are ontological correspondences, according to which entities in the domain of love (e.g., the lovers, their common goals, their difficulties, the love relationship, etc.) correspond systematically to entities in the domain of a journey (the travelers, the vehicle, destinations, etc.).

The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor” by George Lakoff

Imagine a love relationship described as follows: Our relationship has hit a dead-end street. Here love is being conceptualized as a journey, with the implication that the relationship is stalled, that the lovers cannot keep going the way they've been going, that they must turn back, or abandon the relationship altogether. English has many everyday expressions that are based on a conceptualization of love as a journey, and they are used not just for talking about love, but for reasoning about it as well. Some are necessarily about love; others can be understood that way: Look how far we've come. It's been a long, bumpy road. We can't turn back now. We're at a crossroads. We may have to go our separate ways. These are ordinary, everyday English expressions. They are not poetic, nor are they necessarily used for special rhetorical effect. Those like Look how far we've come, which aren't necessarily about love, can readily be understood as being about love. Is there a general principle governing how these linguistic expressions about journeys are used to characterize love? Is there a general principle governing how our patterns of inference about journeys are used to reason about love when expressions such as these are used?

4) Стиль СМИ (newspaper or publicistic style). Headlines: “15-year term for shoe fetish rapist” или “Stingray kills TV croc hunter Irwin”. “British tourist shot dead” или “Man arrested after brothers die in fire”.

Why mothers are ditching the nanny to hire a 'manny'

By Alexandra Frean

WORKING mothers are increasingly keen to hire a man to look after their children rather than bring a young, attractive female nanny into their homes, according to a childcare recruitment agency.

A survey of 1,500 families by the agency, Tinies, suggests that attitudes are changing towards male nannies — or “mannies”, as they are known.

Eight out of ten parents said that it was more acceptable now than ten years ago to hire a male nanny, while 94 per cent said that they would consider hiring a man for the job. A fifth said that they knew of a family who already had a male nanny.

However, only 4 per cent of people working in the childcare industry are men. There are about 12,500 men registered as childcarers — up from 8,500 in 2003.

Oliver Black, the agency’s director, said that female insecurity, jealousy and mistrust were key factors in the change.“Our research shows that the threat of an attractive female nanny is certainly an issue,” he said.

Working fathers, however, were far less concerned by the thought of hiring an attractive male nanny, possibly because they believed that a man who worked with children would not be a threat.

However, despite their popularity mannies are in short supply because few men consider going into childcare. “Attitudes are certainly changing,” said Mr Black. “Mothers, especially, are now more than happy to leave their children in the care of an experienced and qualified male childcarer. “However, there are very few male nannies and nursery staff out there. The ones we have placed have always been a great success.” Mr Black said that it was very important to get the right person for the job, whether male or female. “Qualifications, references, a criminal records check, experience and a face-to-face interview are crucial in appointing a quality nanny.”

Experts have long called for more men to work in childcare, arguing that children would benefit from exposure to a wider range of positive role models. For the child of a single mother, for example, a male carer may be the only male role model in his or her early years.

However, many men are deterred by the low pay, poor terms and conditions, lack of career progression and the perception that childcare is “women’s work”. The Government has been trying to widen the pool of talent entering childcare, fearing that without more men its plans to expand childcare — including the ambitious extended schools programme — might fail.

A spokeswoman for the Department for Education said: “We believe that male workers have a lot to offer children, including acting as positive role models. “We provide local authorities with money to recruit and train childcare workers, including £14 million for recruitment in 2004-06, and our childcare recruitment campaign has used a range of initiatives to target under-represented groups, including men.”

6) Сленг. Источники формирования лексического фонда сленга: а)You could tell he was a little oiled up. (“The Catcher in the Rye”) What I’d do, I figured, … I’d bum a ride. (“The Catcher in the Rye”) б) антономас ия (имя собственное как нарицательное): She sings it very Dixieland and whorehouse. (“The Catcher in the Rye”);в)сложение корней или основ: ‘So long, crumb-bum,’ she said. (“The Catcher in the Rye”); г) деформирование фразеологической единицы: Everybody was in the sack.)(“The Catcher in the Rye”) Go home and hit the sack. (“The Catcher in the Rye”) д) звукоподражание: The cars zoomed by. (“The Catcher in the Rye”)