2017-11-30
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1) Когда я добрался до станции, уже темнело.
2) Как называется журнал, который вы читаете?
3) Завтра в 10 часов утра мы будем писать сочинение.
4) Когда мы приедем домой, они еще будут готовить обед.
5) Мы всегда обсуждаем наши проблемы с родителями.
6) Я пытаюсь объяснить тебе наш план целый час, а ты меня не слушаешь.
7) Его брат преподает в школе с 1965 года.
8) Я уверен, его будут слушать с большим вниманием.
9) На него можно положиться.
10) На них смотрели с большим интересом, когда они появились в зале.
11) Им обещали информацию по этому вопросу.
12) Мне еще ничего не говорили об этом.
13) В нашем городе сейчас строится новый театр.
14) Эти книги продаются во всех книжных магазинах.
15) Его скоро пошлют в Саратов.
2. Вставьте следующие количественные определители: little,(a) little, few, (a) few., переведите предложения.
1. It’s no use asking him about it. He has..... knowledge of the subject.
2. He had very..... friends (hardly any friends).
3. He had..... friends (some friends).
4. He drank..... water and felt much better.
5. There was very..... water in the glass; so he poured in some more.
6...... people understand what he said (hardly any people).
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7. The chairman said..... words (some words).
8. May I have..... wine, please?
3. Вставьте следующие количественные определители: much, many, a lot (of), plenty (of), переведите предложения.
6. Did you take..... photographs when you were on holiday?
7. There aren’t..... offices here.
8. Do you know..... people here?
9. Pete always puts..... sugar into tea.
10. How..... money have you got?
Заполните пропуски, выбрав соответствующие формы местоимений some, any, no и их производных. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. I’m not going to tell you..... about it.
2. It’s rather nasty outside, I’m not going..... tonight.
3. Does..... understand this?
4. Please, tell us the story,..... knows it yet.
5. If..... calls while I’m out, ask him to wait.
6. I know..... about your premises. Tell me..... about them.
7. I see..... at the window.
8. When I came home, there was..... there.
9. I understand..... now. Thank you for your explanation.
10. Have you got..... free time on Friday evening?
В условных предложениях поставьте глаголы в нужной форме.
1. What you (do) if you (fail) your exam?
2. You (learn) German more easily if you (study) a little every day.
3. If my colleagues (know) the overseas investors were coming,
4. Should we (need) such goods we (write) to you again.
5. You (have) much more trouble with your car last year if you not (service) it in due time.
Часть 2.
ЗАДАНИЕ: Ответьте на вопросы несколькими предложениями
1. What can you tell about your family?
2. What sort of man is your friend?
3. What is your hobby?
4. Have you got a flat or a house of your own?
5. Can you describe it?
6. What is the role of sports in the life of people?
7. What is your favourite kind of sport? Why?
8. What kinds of art do you know?
9. Why do you think so many people like travelling?
10. Have you ever been abroad?
11. What kinds of public transport do you know? Which do you prefer?
12. What is your favourite holiday?
13. What are the most important public holidays in Great Britain?
14. What do you prefer to read?
15. What kinds of books do you know?
16. Who are your favourite modern authors?
17. What qualities do you most admire in people?
18. What characteristics annoy you most in people?
19. What are your future plans?
20. Why did you decide to study at our college?
21. What professions do you know?
22. What is the main role of mass media?
23. What are the advantages of the Internet?
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24. Do you like watching TV?
25. What TV programmes are most popular with young people?
Часть 3.
ЗАДАНИЕ: Прочитайте текст, письменно переведите на русский язык. Подготовьте текст на чтение и устный перевод. Выпишите в тетрадь незнакомые слова с транскрипцией и переводом. Выполните задания к тексту.
Economic systems
(Экономические системы)
There are a number of ways in which a government can organize its economy and the type of system chosen is critical in shaping environment in which businesses operate.
An economic system is quite simply the way in which a country uses its available resources (land, workers, natural resources, machinery etc.) to satisfy the demands of its inhabitants for goods and services. The more goods and services that can be produced from these limited resources, the higher the standard of living enjoyed by the country's citizens.
There are three main economic systems:
Planned economics (Плановая экономика)
Planned economies are sometimes called "command economies" because the state commands the use of resources (such as labour and factories) that are used to produce goods and services as it owns factories, land and natural resources. Planned economies are economies with a large amount of central planning and direction, when the government takes all the decisions, the government decides production and consumption. Planning of this kind is obviously very difficult, very complicated to do, and the result is that there is no society, which is completely a command economy. The actual system employed varies from state to state, but command or planned economies have a number of common features.
Firstly, the state decides precisely what the nation is to produce. It usually plans five years ahead. It is the intention of the planners that there should be enough goods and services for all.
Secondly, industries are asked to comply -with these plans and each industry and factory is set a production target to meet. If each factory and farm meets its target, then the state will meet its targets as set out in the five-year plans. You could think of the factory and farm targets to be objectives which, if met, allow the nation's overall aim to be reached.
A planned economy is simple to understand but not simple to operate. It does, however, have a number of advantages:
· Everyone in society receives enough goods and services to enjoy a basic standard of living.
· Nations do not waste resources duplicating production.
· The state can use its control of the economy to divert resources to wherever it wants. As a result, it can ensure that everyone receives a good education, proper health care or that transport is available.
Several disadvantages also exist. It is these disadvantages that have led to many nations abandoning planned economies over recent years:
· There is no incentive for individuals to work hard in planned economies.
· Any profits that are made are paid to the government.
· Citizens cannot start their own businesses and so new ideas rarely come forward.
· As a result, industries in planned economies can be very inefficient. A major problem faced by command or planned economies is that of deciding what to produce. Command economies tend to be slow when responding to changes in people's tastes and fashions. Planners are likely to underproduce some items as they cannot predict changes in demand. Equally, some products, which consumers regard as obsolete and unattractive, may be overproduced. Planners are afraid to produce goods and services unless they are sure substantial amounts will be purchased. This leads to delays and queues for some products.
VOCABULARY NOTES
| inhabitants – жители, население to own –владеть natural resources –природные ресурсы a large amount –большой объем central planning and direction – центральное планирование и руководство consumption – потребление obviously –очевидно complicated –сложный to have a number of common features –иметь ряд общих черт intention –намерение to comply with –подчиняться a production target to meet –производственная задача (задание), которую надо выполнить an objective – цель, задача an overall aim – общая цель to enjoy a basic standard of living – иметь основной уровень жизни | to duplicate production –дублировать производство to divert –отвлекать (напр., ресурсы на другие цели) to abandon – отказываться от чего-либо a major problem faced by command or planned economies –основная проблема, стоящая перед командной или плановой экономикой changes in tastes and fashions –изменения вкусов и моды to underproduce – недопроизводить to regard smth as – воспринимать что-либо, относиться к чему-либо как... obsolete (syn. out of date) –устарелый, вышедший из употребления to overproduce –перепроизводить delays and queues – зд. перебои (с товарами) и очереди |
ЗАДАНИЯ К ТЕКСТУ
