2018-02-14
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Let them answer your questions.
Exercise # 7. Translate into English using the Present Indefinite Tense:
1. Я навчаюсь у торговельно-економічному інституті. Мій друг навчається у медичному університеті. 2. Яку спеціальність ти здобуваєш? Яку спеціальність здобуває твій друг? 3. Наш сусід працює не в ресторані, а в кафе. 4. Ти знаєш різницю між технікою барбек’ю і гриля? 5. Відомо, що відварювання – це приготування їжі у великій кількості води. 6. Кулінарні технології є різні, чи не так? 7. Вона готує салат таким чином: спочатку миє овочі, потім шинкує їх, приправляє олією та спеціями, солить, перчить і додає трошки цукру. 8. Мій товариш постійно бере участь у конкурсах з приготування десертів і отримує призи. 9. Є продукти, що нарізаються звичайними шматочками, а лимон та твердий сир нарізається тільки тонкими скибочками. 10. Наш викладач з технології харчування добре знає іноземну мову і готує багато страв з англійської кухні.
Unit 4 Cooking Utensils
1. Read and learn the following words and word combinations:
essential – істо́тний; головни́й; syn.: necessary;
e.g. Passing exams is an essential requirement for admission to the Institute. essential foods — основні харчові продукти;
essentials – першочергові речі;
range – кухо́нна плита;
electric range;
gas range;
sink – ра́ковина;
surface – пове́рхня;
e.g. Working surfaces in the kitchen include places where you can prepare food and place cookware.
various – рі́зний; різномані́тний;
to vary – відрізнятись, змінюватись;
variety – різноманіття;
spatula – шпа́тель, лопа́тка;
e.g. Spatula is a flat flexible metal, plastic, or rubber utensil with a handle, used to scoop, lift, spread, or mix.
whisk – збива́чка;
to whisk – збивати;
in a whisk – в той самий момент;
kitchen gear – кухонне прила́ддя;
e.g. Pots, pans, knives and other kitchen gear can be bought in any household appliances shop.
gear – 1) одяг: She always wears trendy gear. 2) приладдя, речі;
pastry – випічка;
pastry shop – кондитерська;
sophisticated – ускла́днений; витонченний;
e.g. Sophisticated design increases the general appeal of our food-processor.
to improve – удоскона́лювати; syn: ameliorate, make better;
e.g. Things are improving. The first step is to improve the quality of our gods.
improvement – покращення, вдосконалення;
improved – покращений, вдосконаленний;
cooking time – тривалість, час приготування їжі;
e.g. While giving someone a recipe, don’t forget about pointing out cooking time – it is very important.
results – результати; syn: effect, outcome;
to be achieved – бути досягнутим;
to achieve – досягати, виконувати: There are many who will work hard to achieve these goals.
achievable – доступний;
fillet – філе
;
bakeware – посуд для випікання;
vessel – посу́дина;
to intend – мати намір;
e.g. We intended buying new kitchen gear: several pots, pans and various spatulas. intent, intention – намір;
mortar and pestle
– сту́пка і товка́ч;
to pestle – товкти;
mill – млинок (для кави або перця);
e.g. We use pepper- mill to grind pepper.)
lemon squeezer – соковижималка для цитрусових;
squeezer; juicer – соковижималка;
pyrex – пірекс;
silicon – кре́мній, силіко́н;
to withstand (withstood, withstood) – протистоя́ти; витримувати;
e.g. Our new utensil can withstand high pressure and temperature.
nonstick coatings – антипригарне покриття;
casserole – каструля;
sheetpan – форма-лист для випічки;
e.g. In a shop you can buy sheetpans of different sizes and froms.
appliance – пристосування, прилад, пристрій;
domestic electric appliances – побутові електроприбори; e.g. Nowadays we cannot imagine a kitchen without domestic electric appliances.
moist – вогкий; syn: humid, damp;
moisture – вологість;
to absorb – поглинати;
e.g.Spongy food absorbs water better and that is why it cooks quicker.
to penetrate – проникати;
to knead – замішувати, місити;
dough – тісто;
to mix/ roll/work dough — місити тісто;
firm/stiff dough — густе тісто;
batter – рідке тісто.
2. Read and translate the text: Cooking Utensils
Essential modern kitchen equipment includes the following: a stove, or range; sink; working surface; various knives, pots and pans; such utensils as spatulas, whisks, specialized spoons, and rolling pins; and a more highly specialized kitchen gear for producing pastries and other baked goods. In recent years such sophisticated equipment as blenders, food processors, and microwave ovens has become common. Although such tools do save considerable preparation and cooking time, none of them has improved on the results to be achieved by more traditional techniques.
To cut or peel products one uses knives: bone scissors, bread knife, cheese slicer, chef’s knife, fillet knife, fish-slice, kitchen scissors, meat knife, potato peeler, peel, tomato and vegetable knife. If you need to divide food into parts you can use grater, mortar and pestle, mill, potato masher, lemon squeezer.
Cookware and bakeware are types of food preparation containers usually found in the kitchen. Cookware is composed of various cooking vessels such as saucepans and fry pans intended for use on stove. Bakeware is composed of cooking vessels intended for use inside an oven. But it is possible for a single utensil to be used as cookware and bakeware. It can be made of copper, steel, aluminium, stainless steel and non-metalic materials: ceramics (used in microwave ovens), pyrex, silicon (light and can withstand temperature of 204°C), nonstick coatings (Teflon). There are the following types of cookware: pots, pans, casseroles and sheetpans.
Microwave oven is an appliance that uses electromagnetic energy to heat and cook foods. Microwaves cook food rapidly and efficiently because, unlike ovens, they heat only the food and not the air or the oven walls. Microwave ovens tend to cook moist food more quickly than dry foods, because there is more water to absorb the microwaves. However, microwaves cannot penetrate deeply into foods, sometimes making it difficult to cook thicker foods.
A food processor is a kitchen appliance used to facilitate various repetitive tasks in the process of preparation of food. In modern days, it is usually packed with an electric motor, although there are manual versions. It is designed to chop, mash and slice a wide variety of foods. Some models of food processors can also be used to knead bread dough.
3. Answer the following questions:
1. What cooking utensils are considered as classic and what as sophisticated equipment?
2. What are the advantages of sophisticated equipment?
3. Where do we use cookware?
4. Where do we use bakeware?
5. What is bakeware?
6. What do we use knives for?
7. What is a microwave oven?
8. What materials are used for bakeware?
9. What are pros and cons of microwaving?
10. What do we use food processors for?
4. Give Ukrainian equivalents of the following:
essential, modern kitchen equipment, working surface, various knives, utensils, spatula, whisk, specialized spoons, rolling pin, kitchen gear, baked goods, sophisticated equipment, blender, food processor, to be achieved by, bone scissors, fillet knife, fish-slice, mortar and pestle, mill, cookware and bakeware, pyrex, silicon
5. Give English equivalents of the following:
істотний, кухонна плита, поверхня, різний, різноманітний, шпатель, лопатка, кухонне приладдя, випічка, ускладнений, час приготування їжі, бути досягнутим,посуд для випікання, посудина, мати намір, ступка і товкач, соковижималка для цитрусових, кремній/силікон, антипригарне покриття, форма-лист для випічки, вогкий, пристрій, проникати, замішувати, тісто
6. Paraphrase the following sentences using synonyms from the text instead of the underlined words:
1. For the kitchen to function properly you need to choose from among different kitchen utensils.
2. Necessary cooking vessels are pots and pans.
3. More complex utensils make cooking easier.
4. They are going to buy a new food processor to make preparation time shorter.
5. I consider this task to be repetitious and consisting of several similar parts.
