2020-05-12
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Порядковые числительные образуются путем добавления окончания "-th" к количественному.
seven - seven th
thirteen - thirteen th
Если количественное числительное заканчивается на "-y", то "-y" меняется на "-ie" перед"-th."
twenty - twent ie th
sixty - sixt ie th
Запомните следующие исключения: "first," "second," "third" (ингда они сокращаются как 1st, 2nd, 3rd) и "fifth," "ninth," "twelfth."
twenty-first
forty-third
sixty-fifth
Все другие порядковые числительные сокращаются как: "4th," "5th," "20th," etc.
Упражнение 1. Расположите следующие порядковые числительные в убывающем порядке – 24th, 57th, 3rd, 69th, 95th, 22nd, 61st, 86th, 48th, 11th
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Глава 5
5.1 Отрицание
Частица "not" используется со вспомогательным глаголом "do" для формирования отрицательного сказуемого, например, "I don't have any money" (don't = do not). Частица "no" употребляется как прилагательное перед подлежащим, например, "I have no money." Оба эти способа являются синонимами, выражающими одну и ту же мысль.
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Обратите внимание на сокращенную форму отрицания с глаголом "do":
| I don't | we don't |
| you don't | |
| he/she doesn't | they don't |
Существуют также утвердительные наречия и отрицательные:
Утвердительные Отрицательные
someone, anybody no one, nobody
something, anything nothing
still no longer
ever never
either... or neither... nor
Избегайте употребление более чем одного отрицания в предложении:
I don't have any money. NOT: I don't have no money.
They don't see anybody. NOT: They don't see nobody.
I didn't do anything. NOT: I didn't do nothing.
Упражнение 1. Употребите глагол в скобках в отрицательной форме.
8. I ____________ Swahili. (study)
9. You ________________ to school. (walk)
10. Frank _____________ at Taco Bell. (work)
11. Sara ____________ to cooking school. (go)
12. An airplane _______________ slowly. (fly)
13. Sometimes we ___________________.(listen)
14. We _____________ candy every day. (eat)
15. You and Sue _______________ Madonna. (know)
16. You and Pat _______________ here. (live)
17. Frank ____________ enough. (study)
18. I _____________ breakfast at 12:30. (eat)
19. Sara _____________ the flute. (play)
20. A bird ________________. (work)
21. Pat and Fran _______________ broccoli.(enjoy)
22. They ___________ homework. (like)
Притяжательные местоимения
Существуют следующие притяжательные местоимения в английском языке:
| I -- mine | we -- ours |
| you. -- yours | |
| he, she, it -- his, hers, its | they -- theirs |
I have a bicycle. It's mine.
They have some bread. It's theirs.
Упражнение 1. Выберите соответствующее местоимение.
1. This book is ________. her hers she
2. If I need one I'll borrow _________. your you yours
3. That coat is ________. mine mines my
4. This bus is not _______ it's _________.
ours, theirs our, their we, they
5. She told me to use _______. her she hers
6. When we finish, this will be _______. our hour ours
7. Because we are using _______, we won't need to ask permission.
ours our we
8. Maybe she will loan you _______. her she hers
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9. My dog will use _______. he she his
10. If you say it is, this must be ________. yours he our
Упражнение 2. Заполните пропуски соответствующим притяжательным прилагательным. Например:
Is this my cup of tee? – No, that cup is yours.
Is this my coat? – No, that coat is .
Is this Bruce’s car? – No, that car is .
Is this Mary’s handbag? – No, that bag is .
Is this the Newtons’ house? – No, that house is .
Is this your glass? – No, that glass is .
Is this your house? - No, that house is .
Is this Mrs Harrison’s cat? – No, that cat’s .
Is this Mr Steele’s office? – No, that office is .
Глава 6
Будущее время
В этой главе будущее время употребляется в вопросе и утвердительном предложении:
Вопрос:...Will you be having lunch?
Утверждение:...I'll just have a salad,....
Будущее время формируется очень легко. Просто добавьте "will" (или "shall" после "I" или "we") в качестве вспомогательного глагола перед инфинитивом смыслового:
He gets you something to drink. - He'll (he will) get you something...
We have a salad. - We'll (we will) have a salad.
Обратите внимание, что в американском английском чаще используется "will", чем "shall".
Упражнение 1. Поставьте глагол в скобках в простое будущее время.
I'm tiered. I (go) to bed.
It's late. I think I (take) a taxi.
I (answer) the phone?
We don't know their address. What
(we/do)?
Our test (not/take) long.
I'm afraid they (not/wait) for us.
Diana (come) to the party tomorrow?
You (arrive) in Paris tomorrow evening.
The boy (remember) this day all his life.
Perhaps they (buy) a new house this year.
Упражнение 2. Дополните предложения, употребив соответствующую форму will/won't. Например:
Mary works very hard for her exam. - I'm sure she'll pass the exam easily.
If you don't feel well, go to bed and rest.
I'm sure you soon.
Ask John if you have problems with your homework.
I'm sure he you.
I'll ask my sister for some money, but I know she. She' s really mean.
You don't need your umbrella today. I don't think it
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I can't read small writing any more. I think I
soon.
Don't sit in the sun for too long. You .
Don't try that new restaurant. I'm sure you .
It's my driving test soon, but I know I
. I hadn't had enough lessons.
Упражнение 3. Предложите сделать что-нибудь в каждой ситуации, начиная с "I'll ". Например:
It's so hot in this room! – I'll open the window.
I'm dying for a drink!
There's someone at the door!
I haven't got any money.
I need to be at the station in ten minutes.
My suitcases are so heavy!
