2015-04-01
1342
Grammar Revision
Герундий
Герундий – неличная форма глагола, выражающая название действия и обладающая как свойствами глагола, так и свойствами существительного. В русском языке нет формы соответствующей герундию. Функции герундия сходны с функциями инфинитива.
Существуют 2 формы герундия в действительном залоге (Active) и
2 формы в страдательном залоге (Passive)
Active Passive
Indefinite reading being read
Perfect having read having been read
Герундий переводится на русский язык различными способами:
Существительным
Reading is his favorite occupation.---- Чтение –его любимое занятие.
Инфинитивом
He finished reading the book.----Он закончил читать книгу.
Деепричастием
On coming home he began to read.---- Придя домой, он начал читать.
Глаголом в личной форме
I remember seeing her there.----Я помню, что видел её там.
Besides being clever he is very industrious.----Помимо того, что он умен, он очень трудолюбив.
She reproached herself for having said it.----Она упрекала себя за то, что
сказала это.
Exercise. Переведите данные предложения
1. Maintaining constant temperature and pressure during the test was absolutely necessary.
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2. The student’s taking part in the research was of great help to the whole laboratory.
3. His offering new temperature conditions for the system will give greater efficiency.
4. The task of the factory was producing corrosion-resistant polymers in far larger quantities.
5. Their aim is finding new ways of utilizing this first-class polymer in light industry.
6. The experimentalist suggested purifying the solution by a new method.
7. The researcher took great interest in our improving the properties of the rubber.
8. We know of silver and cooper being very good conductors of electricity.
9. The new heating and lighting installations supply the shops of our plant with heat and light.
10. At present scientists take great interest in the methods of turning the light and heat of the sun directly into electricity.
11. By subjecting air to very great pressure and cooling it is possible to transform it to the liquid state.
12. One cannot transform water into steam without heating it.
13. In converting water into ice we do not change its composition.
14. Physical changes are those which influence the condition or state of matter without changing its composition.
